工业大麻抗逆生理及分子机制研究进展  

Physiology and Molecular Mechanism of Stress Resistance in Hemp:A Review

作　　者：赵越[1] 张晓艳 曹焜 韩承伟[1] 姜颖[1] 边境 王晓楠[1] 孙宇峰[1] ZHAO Yue;ZHANG Xiaoyan;CAO Kun;HAN Chengwei;JIANG Ying;BIAN Jing;WANG Xiaonan;SUN Yufeng(Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第6期102-106,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省双提雁阵特别计划项目“高大麻萜酚(CBG)核心种质筛选及利用”(styz2021dq01);黑龙江省科学院院长基金“基于重测序技术的大麻种质资源遗传多样性分析”(YZ2020DQ01)。

摘　　要：工业大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)是一种抗逆性较强的高附加值经济作物。往往种植在盐碱、山坡地等土壤环境条件相对比较恶劣的地块以充分利用土地资源。在生长过程中可能会受到盐碱、干旱、涝害、低温、高温、营养缺乏和重金属污染等逆境胁迫。为了确保产量和品质,在种植过程中一方面要根据其表型变化及时采取应对策略减少损失,另一方面要从现有资源中筛选出高抗逆性资源并了解其相关抗逆机制。因此本文总结了工业大麻在盐/碱胁迫、水分/温度胁迫、营养胁迫和重金属等有害物质胁迫下生长生理指标的变化情况及相应分子响应机制。并提出了在抗逆评价体系、逆境胁迫缓解和基因验证等方面需要进行更进一步的研究,为工业大麻种植及新品种培育提供参考。Hemp(Cannabis sativa L.)is a high value-added commercial crop with strong stress resistance,it is often planted in the land with relatively severe soil environmental conditions,such as saline-alkali land,hillside and so on.Hemp may be under the stress of salt/alkali,drought,waterlogging,low and high temperature,nutrient deficiency and heavy metal pollution during growth.In order to ensure the yield and quality,on the one hand,coping strategies should be adopted to reduce the loss according to the phenotype changes in the planting process;on the other hand,high stress resistance resources should be screened out from existing resources and the related stress resistance mechanism should be detected.Therefore,this paper summarized the changes of growth and physiological indexes and the corresponding molecular response mechanism of hemp under salt/alkali stress,water/temperature stress,nutritional stress and heavy metal stress.Further research on stress resistance evaluation system,stress relief and gene validation were proposed to provide reference for hemp cultivation and new variety breeding.

关 键 词：工业大麻 盐/碱胁迫 水分/温度胁迫 营养胁迫 重金属胁迫 

分 类 号：S563.3[农业科学—作物学]