基于ICF的重度肢体残疾人居家康复体育锻炼方案理论架构与实证研究  

The Theoretical Framework and Empirical Research of Home-based Physical Exercise Program for Rehabilitation in Severely Physical Disabled Under the ICF

作　　者：雷园园 王国祥[1] LEI Yuanyuan;WANG Guoxiang(Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《体育科学》2021年第12期80-93,共14页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY125)。

摘　　要：目的:康复体育是重度肢体残疾人得到一定功能康复的重要健康促进方式。基于ICF的理论框架和知识体系,结合对以运动功能障碍为主的重度肢体残疾人身体活动功能、康复体育需求的调查结果,构建重度肢体残疾人康复体育锻炼方案理论架构,设计相应的锻炼方案。方法:通过自拟问卷对苏州、潍坊地区随机入户调查201位重度肢体残疾人身体活动功能、康复体育需求;随机招募26位重度肢体残疾人,实施12周康复体育锻炼干预,验证本研究设计的锻炼方案可实施性和干预效果。结果:12周居家康复体育锻炼对重度肢体残疾人的身体结构与功能方面的显著改善效果主要体现在腰围、肺活量、肌肉力量、多数关节活动度、痉挛、平衡和协调能力(P<0.05);活动和参与方面的整体残疾水平有显著改善(P<0.05);生存质量的生理领域、心理领域、环境领域、自身生存质量和健康状况总体主观感受改善效果显著(P<0.05);生活满意度得分显著提高(P<0.05);对康复体育活动方案及指导满意度较高。结论:本研究设计的重度肢体残疾人居家康复体育锻炼方案具有可实施性,对改善残疾人的整体功能有一定效果。Based on the theoretical framework and knowledge system of ICF, this study aimed to construct the theoretical framework of rehabilitation physical exercise and design corresponding exercise program for severely disabled people. Methods: Firstly, the physical activity function and rehabilitation physical needs of 201 severely disabled persons were surveyed by using self-designed questionnaire in Weifang and Suzhou;and then, 26 severely disabled persons were randomly recruited to carry out rehabilitation physical exercise intervention for 12 weeks, the feasibility and effectiveness of the exercise program was analyzed. Results: The 12-week rehabilitation physical exercise improved the waist circumference, vital capacity, muscle strength, range of motion of most joints, spasm, balance and coordination ability in severely disabled persons(P<0.05). The overall disability level of activity and participation were improved also(P<0.05). In addition, the improvement effect on the physiological, psychological and environmental aspects of qOL as well as the overall subjective feeling of qOL and health status were improved(P<0.05). The life satisfaction score was significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion: The home-based rehabilitation physical exercise program designed in this study is feasible in practice, and it has certain effects on improving the overall function of the disabled.

关 键 词：重度肢体残疾人 康复体育 居家体育锻炼 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]