宽幅播种对枣麦间作模式下冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of Wide Planting on Growth,Development and Yield of Winter Wheat in Jujube-Wheat Intercropping Mode

作　　者：张永强[1,2] 高永红 陈传信[1,2] 方辉 范贵强[1] 赛力汗·赛[1,2] 聂石辉[1,2] 徐其江 雷钧杰[1,2] ZHANG Yongqiang;GAO Yonghong;CHEN Chuanxin;FANG Hui;FAN Guiqiang;Sailihan Sai;NIE Shihui;XU Qijiang;LEI Junjie(Research Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in Northwestern Oasis of China,MOARA, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第1期39-44,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD020040609);国家自然科学基金(31960379,51879267);自治区重点研发项目(2021B02002-1);国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-3-49)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究宽幅播种对新疆南疆枣麦间作模式下冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】在枣麦间作模式下,设置宽幅播种和常规条播2种不同的播种方式,分析不同播种方式下冬小麦叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累及产量和产量构成因素的变化规律。【结果】与常规条播相比,宽幅播种处理有利于枣麦间作模式下冬小麦叶绿素含量(SPAD值)的提高,增大了叶面积指数(LAI),促进干物质的积累,有效提高了籽粒产量。与常规条播相比,2018年、2019年宽幅播种冬小麦的有效穗数分别降低了5.31%、4.78%;穗粒数分别增加2.73%、3.47%;千粒重分别提高了4.00%、5.13%;籽粒产量分别提高了2.36%、6.10%;2018年宽幅播种的生物量降低了5.23%,但2019年宽幅播种的生物量较常规条播却增加了2.90%。【结论】枣麦间作模式下宽幅播种增加了冬小麦叶绿素含量,提高了LAI,促进了干物质积累,提高了籽粒产量。【Objective】To study the effects of wide planting on growth,development and yield of winter wheat in jujube-wheat intercropping mode in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted in jujube-wheat intercropping mode by setting two different seeding methods:integrated and uniform seeding,and the variation of chlorophyll content(SPAD value),leaf area index(LAI),dry matter accumulation,yield and yield of winter wheat leaves were studied under different sowing methods.【Results】The results showed that,compared with conventional strip sowing,wide sowing was beneficial to increase chlorophyll content(SPAD value),increase leaf area index(LAI),promote dry matter accumulation,and effectively improve grain yield.The effective spike number of winter wheat sown widely in 2018 and 2019 decreased by 5.31%and 4.78%,respectively;Grain number per spike increased by 2.73%and 3.47%respectively.The 1,000-grain weight increased by 4.00%and 5.13%respectively.Grain yield increased by 2.36%and 6.10%respectively.In 2018,the biomass of wide sowing decreased by 5.23%,but in 2019,the biomass of wide sowing increased by 2.90%compared with that of conventional strip sowing.【Conclusion】Comprehensive ratio analysis shows that wide sowing in jujube-wheat intercropping mode increases chlorophyll content,LAI,dry matter accumulation and grain yield of winter wheat,which can provide reference for winter wheat production in local jujube-wheat intercropping mode.

关 键 词：枣麦间作 宽幅播种 冬小麦 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]