天师栗幼苗光合特性研究  

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd Seedlings

作　　者：李晓东 侯晓星 王柯月 石召华 叶利春 舒少华[1] LI Xiao-dong;HOU Xiao-xing;WANG Ke-yue(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉爱民制药股份有限公司,湖北鄂州436070

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第5期152-155,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“娑罗子规模化种植及精准扶贫示范研究”(2017YFC1701002)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示天师栗幼苗光合特性,为天师栗优质种苗的培育和优良居群的选择提供理论指导。[方法]以3个不同居群(恩施州ESLZ、神农架林区SNJ、十堰市竹溪县ZXSQ)的天师栗一年生实生苗为试验材料,利用LI-6800便携式光合作用系统测定各居群天师栗幼苗叶片净光合速率、净光合速率日变化、光响应曲线、CO_(2)响应曲线,采用丙酮乙醇混合液法测定各居群天师栗幼苗叶片光合色素含量。[结果]ESLZ的光合性能最优,其净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))均显著高于SNJ、ZXSQ;3个不同居群天师栗的净光合速率日变化均呈双峰趋势,存在明显的“光午休”现象,且ESLZ的2个峰值均显著高于SNJ、ZXSQ;3个不同居群天师栗均在800μmol/(m^(2)·s)、1400μmol/mol左右达到了光饱和点和CO_(2)饱和点,ESLZ在光饱和点和CO_(2)饱和点对应的净光合速率最高;ESLZ的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量明显高于SNJ、ZXSQ,且存在显著差异。[结论]ESLZ的光合性能、光合色素含量明显优于其他2个居群,光能利用率更高,对光照的适应范围更广,可作为优良居群推广种植。天师栗幼苗的光饱和点和光补偿点较低,在幼苗期可采取适当的遮阴措施,提高光能利用率。[Objective]To reveal the photosynthetic characteristics of A.wilsonii seedlings and provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and selection of high-quality populations of A.wilsonii.[Method]The A.wilsonii 1-year-old seedlings from three different populations(ESLZ,SNJ,ZXSQ)were used as experimental materials.The LI-6800 photosynthesis system was used to measure the net photosynthetic rate,diurnal variation of photosynthesis,light response curve and CO_(2)response curve of A.wilsonii seedlings.The acetone-ethanol mixture method was used to measure the photosynthetic pigment content of A.wilsonii seedlings.[Result]ESLZ had the best photosynthetic performance,and its net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2)concentration(C_(i))and transpiration rate(T_(r))were significantly higher than those of SNJ and ZXSQ.The daily changes of photosynthetic rate of three different populations of A.wilsonii showed double-peak curves with obvious phenomenon of photosynthetic“noon break”and the two peak values of ESLZ were significantly higher than another two populations.A.wilsonii reached the light saturation point and CO_(2)saturation point at 800μmol/(m^(2)·s)and 1400μmol/mol.At the light as well as CO_(2)saturation point,ESLZ had the maximum net photosynthetic rate.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid of ESLZ were all significantly higher than that of SNJ and ZXSQ.[Conclusion]ESLZ has better photosynthetic characteristics and photosynthetic pigment content than another two populations.It has a higher utilization rate of light energy and a wider range of adaptation to light,so ESLZ is more suitable for promotion and planting.The light saturation point and light compensation point of A.wilsonii seedlings are relatively lower,so we can take some shading measures to improve the utilization rate of light energy.

关 键 词：天师栗 幼苗 居群 光合特性 光合色素 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]