南方某大型水质净化厂降氨氮中试研究  

A pilot study on reducing ammonia in a large-scale water purification plant

作　　者：贺珊珊 贾旭超 余军 雷培树 万年红 简思凤 蔡世颜 胡新立 HE Shanshan;JIA Xuchao;YU Jun;LEI Peishu;WAN Nianhong;JIAN Sifeng;CAI Shiyan;HU Xinli(Certral Southern China Miniicipal Engineering Design and Research General Iistitute,Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,武汉430010

出　　处：《给水排水》2022年第2期19-24,32,共7页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司科研项目(KY-N-S-2020-009)。

摘　　要：在南方某大型水质净化厂对6种填料(4种悬浮填料和2种固定填料)进行氨氮去除研究。结果显示,常温条件下,6种填料中,4#不能达标,1#、2#、3#、5#、6#在进水氨氮小于2 mg/L时满足出水要求,1#、5#、6#在大于6 mg/L满足出水要求.低温条件下仅5#、6#满足出水要求。1#、2#、3#、4#、5#、6#最大容积负荷分别为137.87 g/(m^(3)·d)、75.47 g/(m^(3)·d)、82.93 g/(m^(3)·d)、36.8 g/(m^(3)·d).177.86 g/(m^(3)·d)、185.07 g/(m^(3)·d)。6种填料对无机氮去除率为7.42%、3.67%、3.27%、2.07%、2.22%、4.53%,总无机氮负荷为24.80 g/(m^(3)·d)、12.26 g/(m^(3)·d)、、0.93 g/(m^(3)·d)、6.93 g/(m^(3)·d)、7.47 g/(m^(3)·d)、15.20 g/(m^(3)·d)。填料微生物菌落的丰富度和多样性对效果有影响.菌落越丰富、越多样对氨氮去除效果越好。6种填料样品优势菌属有Nistropira,Sphin-gomonas,Hyphomicrobium,Kouleothrir,Lysolacter,Nitrosomonas等。其中Nistropira,Hypho-microbium,Kouleothrix,Nitrosomonas对氨氮去除具有促进作用,而Sphingomonas对氨氮去除具有竞争作用。1#、3#、4#、5#、6#填料对氨氮去除全程氨氧化反应占主导作用,而2#填料对氨氮去除短程氨氧化占主导作用。This paper compares the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and volumetric load of six different biofillers in a large-scale water purification plant, and analyzes the microbial colony structure of the biofillers. Among the 6 types of biofillers(four suspended and two fixed biofillers), 4# cannot meet the effluent standard, 1#, 2#, 3#, 5#, 6# meet the requirements of effluent water when the influent ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L. 1#, 5#, and 6# meet the requirement of effluent water when influent ammonia nitrogen greater than 6 mg/L. Under low temperature conditions, only 5# and 6# meet the water outlet requirements. The maximum volume loads of 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# and 6# are 137.87 g/(m;·d), 75.47 g/(m;·d), 82.93 g/(m;·d), 36.8 g/(m;·d), 177.86 g/(m;·d) and 185.07 g/(m;·d), respectively. The removal rates and volumetric load of six biofillers for total inorganic nitrogen are 7.42%, 3.67%, 3.27%, 2.07%, 2.22%, 4.53%,and 24.80 g/(m;·d), 12.26 g/(m;·d), 10.93 g/(m;·d), 6.93 g/(m;·d), 7.47 g/(m;·d), 15.20 g/(m;·d). The species richness and species distribution uniformity of the biofiller have an impact on the removal effect. The richer and more colony diverse, the better the ammonia nitrogen removal effect. The dominant bacteria genera of six biofiller samples are Nistropira, Sphingomonas, Hyphomicrobium, Kouleothrix, Lysobacter, Nitrosomonas, etc. Among them, Nistropira, Hyphomicrobium, Kouleothrix, and Nitrosomonas can promote the removal of ammonia nitrogen, while Sphingomonas have a competitive effect on the removal of ammonia nitrogen. Complete ammonia oxidizers(Comammox) play a leading role in the ammonia nitrogen removal process in 1#, 3#, 4#、5#, 6# biofillers, while short-cut ammonia oxidizers play a leading role in the ammonia nitrogen removal process in 2# biofillers.

关 键 词：大型水质净化厂 悬浮填料 固定填料 氨氮 去除率 容积负荷 高通量测序 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程] X799[环境科学与工程—环境工程]