工业蛭石的矿物学属性及在“双碳”战略中的作用  

The Mineralogical Properties of Industrial Vermiculite and Its Role in the Srategy of Saving Energy and Reducing CO2 Emission

作　　者：彭同江 孙红娟[2,3] 罗利明[2,3,4] 张宝述[2] PENG Tongjiang;SUN Hongjuan;LUO Liming;ZHANG Baoshu(Analysis and Testing Center of Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China;Institute of Mineral Materials and Applications, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China;Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学分析测试中心,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学矿物材料及应用研究所,四川绵阳621010 [3]西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [4]西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2021年第6期1-8,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41972042)。

摘　　要：基于工业蛭石的化学成分、矿物组成及热学与阳离子交换性等矿物学属性,重点讨论了灼烧膨胀法、插层膨胀法和插层-微波膨胀法对国内不同产地膨胀蛭石膨胀率的影响。结果表明,工业蛭石的矿物组成以金(黑)云母-蛭石间层矿物为主,含少量蛭石或金云母;工业蛭石由于结构中含有蛭石晶层而具有良好的加热或插层膨胀性与阳离子交换性;相对于灼烧加热膨胀法,采用微波膨胀法、插层膨胀法和插层—微波膨胀法可制备结构层不被破坏的高强度柔韧性膨胀蛭石。采用复合插层—微波膨胀法制备的高膨胀率膨胀蛭石为长条蠕虫状多孔轻质材料,膨胀倍数高达36倍,堆积密度仅为0.033 g/cm^(3),具有优异的轻质、保温和绝热性能。工业蛭石矿产具备战略性新兴矿产的许多特征,具有节能降耗和控制能耗强度并助力碳减排碳达峰的功能,在“双碳”战略和环保节能领域具有重要的作用。Based on the chemical composition,mineral composition and mineralogical properties of industrial vermiculite,such as thermal and cation exchange properties,the effects of the burning expansion method,intercalation expansion method and intercalation-microwave expansion method on the expansion rate of expanded vermiculite are discussed.The results show that the mineral composition of industrial vermiculite is mainly phlogopite-vermiculite or biotite-vermiculite interlayer minerals,with a small amount of vermiculite or phlogopite.The Industrial vermiculite has good heating or intercalation expansion and cation exchange due to the vermiculite crystal layer in the structure.Compared with the burning heating expansion method,the microwave expansion method,the intercalation expansion method and the intercalation-microwave expansion method can be used to prepare high-strength flexible expanded vermiculite without damage to the structural layer.The high expansion rate expanded vermiculite prepared by the intercalation-microwave expansion method is a long worm-like porous lightweight material with an expansion ratio of 36 times and a bulk density of only 0.033 g/cm3.The expanded Vermiculite has excellent light weight,heat preservation and heat insulation properties.Industrial vermiculite minerals have many characteristics of strategic emerging minerals,and have the functions of energy saving and consumption reduction,energy intensity control and carbon emission reduction,and they play an important role in the strategy of Saving energy and reducing CO2 emission.

关 键 词：工业蛭石 阳离子交换容量 膨胀性能 膨胀蛭石 节能降碳 双碳 

分 类 号：TD91[矿业工程—选矿] TD985