“看小孩的大男人”:男幼师群体的职业处境与男性气质建构  

"The Big Man Who Takes Care of Little Children": The Professional Situation of Male Kindergarten Teachers and Their Construction of Masculinity

作　　者：司艺旋 杨笛[1] SI Yixuan;YANG Di

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学金陵女子学院,210023

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2022年第2期66-74,共9页Journal of China Women＇s University

基　　金：2021年江苏省研究生科研创新项目“性别气质迷思对男性从事幼教工作的影响研究”(项目编号:KYCX21_1244);国家社科基金青年项目“人口新形势下的母亲角色重构研究”阶段性成果(项目编号:16CSH034)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：长久以来,幼教被视为女性职业,男性从事幼教工作不仅在个人层面是对其自我男性身份的挑战,而且在更宏观的层面,是对传统性别文化规范及差异化、等级化的性别气质和劳动分工体系的威胁。通过对11名幼儿教师的深度访谈分析男幼师的职业处境与男性气质建构,以及其对职业性别隔离的双重影响,研究发现,男幼师通过远离女童和女性的身体、将气质素养专业化、建构幼教职业的男性气质面相以及在职业内部进行劳动的性别分工等策略,来建立男性从事幼教工作的合法性并重建自身男性气质。但这些做法是对幼教工作中被视作女性劳动和低价值认可的照料劳动、情感劳动部分的剥离,不仅违背“保教结合”的基本原则,也无法应对由幼教职业女性化和低社会认可带来的男性气质挑战。For a long time,preschool education has been regarded as a female profession.Men's participation in preschool education is not only a challenge to their own male identity at the personal level,but also a threat to the traditional gender cultural norms,differentiated and hierarchical gender temperament and labor division system at the macro level.Through in-depth interviews with 11 preschool teachers,this study analyzes the professional situation and masculinity construction of male preschool teachers,as well as their dual impact on professional gender segregation.The study found that male preschool teachers establish the legitimacy of men engaged in preschool education and rebuild their masculinity by keeping away from children's and women's bodies,professionalizing temperament literacy,constructing the masculinity of preschool education profession,and gender division of labor within the profession.However,these practices are essentially the stripping of the care labor and emotional labor that are regarded as female labor and low value recognition in preschool education.It not only violates the basic principle of"combination of protection and education",but also cannot really deal with the challenge of masculinity brought by the feminization of preschool education profession and low social value recognition.

关 键 词：男幼师 男性气质 职业性别隔离 非传统职业 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]