问题银行救助、处置机制的全球改革方向及启示  

The Global Reform Direction and Relevance of Troubled Banks’Rescue and Disposal Mechanisms

作　　者：陈忠阳[1] 李珊珊 Chen Zhongyang;Li Shanshan(Renmin University of China,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2022年第1期69-76,共8页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

摘　　要：文章首次系统分析了问题银行救助、处置机制的理论基础和近年来的全球改革方向,并将该框架划分为自救、外部救助和处置三种机制。全球金融危机以来,问题银行的救助、处置机制从微观视角转为更侧重宏观视角,而产权理论则是相关改革的理论基础。外部救助和处置须建立在自救基础上,且面临更强约束。但自救的实施仍面临挑战,且可能对实体经济和金融稳定产生负面影响。从近年的全球实践看,外部救助仍居主导地位,自救工具的应用并不充分,凸显出平衡系统性风险与降低社会成本、道德风险之艰难。处置改革的重点是赋予监管层更集中的处置权力和完善破产机制,旨在提升处置效率,降低系统性影响。基于理论基础和国际经验,文章根据我国国情提出了相关政策建议。This article is the first to systematically analyze the theoretical basis of the rescue and disposal mechanism of troubled banks and their global reform direction in recent years,and classify the framework into three mechanisms of self-help,external rescue and disposal.Since the global financial crisis,the rescue and disposal mechanisms of troubled banks have shifted from a micro perspective to a more macro perspective,and the theory of property rights is the theoretical basis of the relevant reforms.External rescue and disposal must be based on self-help and face stronger constraints.However,the implementation of self-help still faces challenges,and may have a negative impact on the real economy and financial stability.From the global practice in recent years,external bailouts are still dominant,and the application of self-help tools is not sufficient,highlighting the difficulty of balancing systemic risk and reducing social costs and moral hazard.The focus of the disposal reform is to give more centralized disposal power to the regulators and improve the bankruptcy mechanism,aiming to enhance the disposal efficiency and reduce the systemic impact.Based on theoretical foundations and international experience,the article puts forward relevant policy recommendations based on China’s national conditions.

关 键 词：问题银行自救 外部救助 处置 系统性风险 

分 类 号：F832.1[经济管理—金融学]