聚氨酯炮孔填塞材料的改性与性能分析  

Modification and Property Analysis of Polyurethane Blast Hole Plugging Material

作　　者：何向向 陈东梁[1] 江卫锋 张东胜[1] 杨冉 王玉丰 HE Xiangxiang;CHEN Dongliang;JIANG Weifeng;ZHANG Dongsheng;YANG Ran;WANG Yufeng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024,China;School of Materials Engineering,Changshu Institute of Technology,Changshu,Jiangsu 215500,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]中交一公局集团,北京100024 [3]常熟理工学院材料工程学院,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《塑料》2022年第1期16-20,共5页Plastics

基　　金：克拉玛依市重点研发计划(2020ZDYF0006)。

摘　　要：由于工业爆破中炮孔填塞材料在施工工艺和设备设施上受到限制,为了开发新型的炮孔填塞材料,在聚氨酯体系中加入硅酸钠溶液进行改性,研究了硅酸钠溶液含量对材料表干时间、固化时间、发泡倍数、泡孔形态以及热稳定性的影响,探讨了改性后聚氨酯材料对封孔性能的影响。结果表明,随着硅酸钠溶液添加量的增加,材料的表干时间、固化时间、发泡倍数呈先减小后增大的趋势,泡孔孔径、泡孔密度、泡孔分布均一性下降,热稳定性得到提高。当硅酸钠溶液添加量为1 g时,固化时间缩短到约20 min,发泡倍数35倍以上,泡孔均匀致密,热稳定性提高约3%。在发泡过程中,最高反应温度不超过80℃,材料的压缩应力为0.85 MPa,断裂拉伸应力为0.31 MPa,能够满足炮孔填塞材料的要求。In view of the limitation of blast hole plugging materials in industrial blasting on the construction technology and equipment and facilities,in order to develop new blast hole plugging materials,sodium silicate solution was added to the polyurethane system for modification.The effects of the addition of sodium silicate solution in the polyurethane system on the surface drying time,curing time,foam multiple,bubble morphology and thermal stability of the material were analyzed,and the influence of modified polyurethane material on the sealing performance was discussed.The results showed that with the amount of sodium silicate solution increased,the surface drying time,curing time and foaming ratio of the material decreased first and then increased,while the pore diameter,hole density and foam distribution uniformity decreased and the thermal stability increased.When the optimal amount of sodium silicate solution was 1 g,the curing time was shortened to about 20 min,and the foaming bubbles were uniform and dense with over 35 times in term of foaming multiple.The maximum reaction temperature was less than 80℃,the compression stress of the modified polyurethane material was 0.85 MPa,and the fracture tensile stress was 0.31 MPa,which could meet the requirements of hole stemming materials in blasting engineering.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 炮孔填塞 填塞材料 固化时间 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]