油气管道划痕非饱和漏磁检测与识别  

Unsaturated Magnetic Flux Leakage Detection and Identification of Scratches in Oil and Gas Pipelines

作　　者：张雪伟 陈金忠[2] 康小伟[2] 宋凯[1] Zhang Xuewei;Chen Jinzhong;Kang Xiaowei;Song Kai(Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing,Ministry of Education,Nanchang Hangkong University;China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第3期132-138,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目“钢质管道机械损伤和腐蚀漏磁内检测有效区分识别方法研究”(2019MK138);中国特种设备检测研究院青年基金项目“钢质管道机械损伤和腐蚀漏磁内检测有效区分识别方法研究”(2019青年07)。

摘　　要：油气管道在线检测技术可有效检测出金属损失缺陷,但对腐蚀和机械损伤划痕识别区分能力有限。针对现有管道检测技术存在不足的问题,提出了一种直流磁轭式非饱和漏磁检测技术。建立了管道机械损伤划痕部位的瞬态力学三维有限元模型,仿真结果显示在管道划痕部位产生明显的压应力。搭建了非饱和漏磁检测试验装置,同时开展了非饱和磁化下油气管道划痕和腐蚀两种缺陷的对比试验。试验结果表明:与腐蚀漏磁信号相比,在划痕区域中间部位信号产生畸变,由应力作用引起的峰值占整个负峰值的40%;非饱和漏磁检测技术不仅能有效检测出腐蚀及划痕缺陷,而且实现了对二者的识别区分。研究结果可为非饱和漏磁检测技术应用于油气管道腐蚀和机械损伤划痕的检测与识别提供技术支撑。The online detection technology for oil and gas pipelines can effectively detect metal loss defects,but it has limited ability to distinguish corrosion and mechanical damage scratches.Aiming at the shortcomings of existing pipeline detection technologies,a DC yoke unsaturated magnetic flux leakage detection technology was introduced.Then,a 3 D transient mechanical finite element model for the mechanical damage scratches of the pipeline was built,and the simulation results showed that obvious compressive stress was generated at the scratched part of the pipeline.Finally,an unsaturated magnetic flux leakage testing device was built,and simultaneously,a comparative test of scratch and corrosion of oil and gas pipeline under unsaturated magnetization was carried out.The study results show that compared with the magnetic flux leakage signal of corrosion,the signal in the middle part of the scratch area is distorted,and the peak caused by stress accounts for 40%of the whole negative peak;the unsaturated magnetic flux leakage detection technology can not only effectively detect corrosion and scratch defects,but also realize the identification of them.The study results provide technical support for the application of unsaturated magnetic flux leakage detection technology in the detection and identification of corrosion and mechanical damage scratch of oil and gas pipelines.

关 键 词：油气管道 腐蚀 划痕 非饱和磁化 漏磁检测 应力 仿真 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]