早期断奶对沂蒙黑山羊羔羊生长性能、盲肠短链脂肪酸含量和菌群多样性的影响  

Effects of early weaning on growth performance cecum flora and short chain fatty acid content of Yimeng black lamb

作　　者：李永洙 杨燕 金太花 韩照清 井文倩 魏明吉 李富宽 吕慎金 LI Yongzhu;YANG Yan;JIN Taihua;HAN Zhaoqing;JING Wenqian;WEI Mingji;LI Fukuan;LV Shenjin(College of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linyi 276012,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂276012

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第1期156-170,共15页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872398);山东省教育厅“动物行为福利与健康养殖技术技能型创新团队”项目;山东省现代农业产业技术体系羊创新团队临沂试验站(SDAIT-10-14)。

摘　　要：为分析早期断奶对沂蒙黑山羊羔羊生长性能、盲肠短链脂肪酸含量和菌群多样性影响,选用0d沂蒙黑山羊羔羊36只,分为2组,对照组和试验组,每组18只羔羊。母乳组(B组)羔羊哺喂母乳,代乳粉组(R组)于8d起断奶,10d完全哺喂代乳粉,15d开始两组均饲喂开食料。在8、10、15、25、45和75d时每组随机屠宰3头羊并收集盲肠内容物,采用GC-MS检测方法分析短链脂肪酸含量以及高通量测序技术分析菌群多样性。结果表明:1)15d时R组羔羊体重极显著低于B组(P<0.01),而75d时显著高于B组(P<0.05),并且R组11~15d间日增重极显著低于B组(P<0.01),且在25d之后日增重均显著高于B组(P<0.05)。2)R组25d时乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和异戊酸含量显著高于15d时(P<0.05),而B组45d时各类短链脂肪酸含量均显著高于25d时(P<0.05)。3)R组15d时Sobs、Ace、Chao1和25d时Shannon及Simpson均显著低于B组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,R组Firmicutes门相对丰度在25d时低于B组差异显著(P<0.05);Proteobacteria门相对丰度在10和45d时极显著高于B组(P<0.01);Bacteroidetes门相对丰度在75d时差异显著低于B组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,Butyricicoccus属相对丰度10d开始两组均显著减少(P<0.05),25d时极显著下降(P<0.01);R组Lactobacillus属相对丰度在15d时差异显著低于B组(P<0.05),25d时厚壁菌门中Peptoclostridium、Clostridium;ensu;tricto;、Romboutsia、Intestinibacter、Terrisporobacter和Lachnospiraceae;K3A20 group属类与日增重、短链脂肪酸生成密切相关。综上,早期断奶能够降低沂蒙黑山羊羔羊日增重和盲肠菌群多样性,而断奶后15d时可加快羔羊盲肠内容物中短链脂肪酸的生成,并且断奶35d后促进杆菌属和瘤胃球菌属等有益菌定植,改善羔羊营养物质代谢。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of early weaning on thegrowth performance,cecal short-chain fatty acid content and bacterial diversity of Yimeng black lamb.A total of 36 0-day Yimeng black lambs were selected and divided into two groups,control group and experimental group,with 18 lambs in each group.The lambs in breast milk group(group B)were fed with breast milk,while lambs in the milk replacer group(group R)were weaned and fed milk replacer from 8 days of age.Both of groups were fed with appetizer from 15 days of age.Three lambs in each group were randomly slaughtered at 8,10,15,25,45 and 75 days of age and theircecal contents were collected to analyze the content of short-chain fatty acids by GC-MS,and thebacterial diversity was investigated by high-throughput sequencing and their correlation.The results showed as follows:1)The body weight of lambs in group R was significantly lower than that in group B at 15 days(P<0.01),and was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05)at 75 days.The daily gain of lambs in group R was significantly lower than that in group B at 11-15 days(P<0.01),and was significantly higher than that in group B after 25 days(P<0.05).2)The contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,valeric acid and isovaleric acid at 25 din group R were significantly higher than those at15 d(P<0.05),while the contents of all kinds of short chain fatty acids at 45 din group B were significantly higher than those at 25 d(P<0.05).3)Sobs,Ace,Chao1 at 15 days of age and Shannon and Simpson at 25 days of age in group R were significantly lower than those in group B(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutesin group R was significantly lower than that in group B on day 25(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria phylum was significantly higher than that in group B on days 10 and 45(P<0.01).The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum was significantly lower than that of group B on 75 days(P<0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of B

关 键 词：沂蒙黑山羊羔羊 早期断奶 短链脂肪酸 盲肠菌群 多样性 

分 类 号：S826.9[农业科学—畜牧学]