防褥疮自动翻身气垫控制系统设计  

Design of automatic turn-over air cushion control system for anti-bedsore

作　　者：刘加峰[1] 段元民[1] 张默怡 殷洪志 LIU Jia-feng;DUAN Yuan-min;ZHANG Mo-yi;YIN Hong-zhi(School of Biomedical Engineering,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Department of Radiology,Gucheng County Hospital,Gucheng 253800,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069 [2]河北省故城县医院放射科,河北故城253800

出　　处：《生物医学工程与临床》2022年第1期99-103,共5页Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的设计一种基于单片机的防褥疮自动翻身气垫控制系统,能根据患者需要进行左右翻身。方法设计防褥疮自动翻身气垫包括左右对称2个气囊腔,每个气囊腔内部含有6个可充气气囊,所述气囊长度为80~100 cm,直径8~10 cm。使用以MCS-51单片机为核心控制芯片,控制气泵运转,左右气囊组按设定要求交替充放气,实现翻身功能;控制方法分为手动、自动两种。进行性能测试和临床试用。结果实现了左右自动翻身、定时控制和气压传感器实时监测的防褥疮自动翻身气垫自动控制。气垫充气过程的最大载量为100 kg,气垫的最佳压力为(15±3) kPa,最大倾斜角度可达到60°。翻身周期10~60 min,工作时间1~12 h,体质量40~90 kg,所对应最佳的气压阈值范围为3.447 5~6.895 0 kPa。临床试用防褥疮自动翻身气垫的充气效果良好,充气速度很快,试用者感觉翻身平稳,在2 min内便可完成一侧的气囊充气,人体躺在上面身体向一侧倾斜角度可达到30°以上。在睡眠状态也没有因为气垫的充放气受到影响,符合护理要求。结论该系统针对目前防褥疮气垫存在的不足进行改进,实现了左右自动翻身,提高了舒适度,有利于睡眠;同时智能程度更高,使用更安全。Objective To design single-chip microcomputer-based anti-bedsore automatic turn-over air cushion control system, which turns left or right according to needs of patient. Methods The anti-bedsores automatic turn-over air cushion was composed of two symmetrical airbag chambers, and each of contained 6 inflatable airbags, which with 80-100 cm in length and 8-10 cm in diameter. The MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer was used as core control chip to control air pump, the left and right airbags were alternately inflated and deflated according to setting, and realize function of turning over. The con-trol methods were divided into manual and automatic, and performance testing and clinical trials were conducted. Results The automatic control of anti-bedsore automatic turn-over air cushion with the left and right automatic turning, timing control and real-time monitoring of air pressure sensor was successfully completed. The maximum capacity of air cushion was 100 kg,optimal pressure was(15 ± 3) kPa and the maximum tilt angle reached 60°. Turnover cycle was 10-60 minutes, working time was 1-12 hours, body mass was 40-90 kg, which corresponded optimal air pressure threshold range was 3.447 5-6.895 0 kPa. In clinical trials, the inflation effect was well and inflation speed was fast, and rollover was stable. Inflation of one side of the airbag was completed within 2 minutes, and body tilt angle to one side was reached more than 30 °. The sleep state was not affected by inflation and deflation of air cushions, which met the nursing requirements. Conclusion It is demonstrated that the system realizes automatic left and right turning over, which improves comfort and helps to sleep, and it is more in-telligent and safer to use.

关 键 词：防褥疮气垫 气囊 智能护理卧具 智能控制 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R473[医药卫生—基础医学]