基于磁流变阻尼器的机床液体静压导轨主动抑振方法研究  

STUDY ON THE ACTIVE VIBRATION SUPPRESSION METHOD OF HYDROSTATIC SLIDE OF MACHINE TOOL BASED ON MR DAMPER

作　　者：张忠奎 高峰[1] 李艳[1] 闫洋洋[2] ZHANG ZhongKui;GAO Feng;LI Yan;YAN YangYang(Key Lab.of NC Machine Tools and Integrated Manufacturing Equipment of the Education Ministry,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;Facility Horticulture Laboratory of Universities in Shandong,Weifang University of Science and Technology,Weifang 262700,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学教育部数控机床及机械制造装备集成重点实验室,西安710048 [2]潍坊科技学院山东省高校设施园艺实验室,潍坊262700

出　　处：《机械强度》2022年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775432,52005372);潍坊科技学院学科建设项目(2021XKJS25)资助~~。

摘　　要：针对液体静压导轨在高速启停及变速瞬间切向振动的问题,将磁流变阻尼器应用于机床静压导轨切向运动方向的抑振。建立了系统单自由度振动模型,基于增量谐波平衡算法,以弧长作为控制增量研究了系统的动态响应。通过数值计算发现:磁流变阻尼器抑制静压导轨的振动是可行的;阻尼器控制电流由零逐渐增大时,振动系统幅频响应由硬特性向软特性转变,出现滞后区变窄、消失及二次跳跃现象;不同频率时,系统振幅与阻尼器控制电流关系曲线差别较大,频率较小时,振幅随阻尼器电流的增大而单调减小,而频率较大时,曲线复杂,出现跳跃现象。最后实验验证了磁流变阻尼器能够很好的抑制静压导轨的振动。The dynamic behaviors of the hydrostatic slide is changed instantaneously and abruptly during the start-stop,acceleration and deceleration,so magnetorheological(MR)damper is used to suppress tangential vibration of hydrostatic slide.A single-degree-of-freedom vibration model is established,and the dynamic response of the system are studied by the incremental harmonic balance method(IHBM)with arc length as control increment.The simulation results show that it is feasible to suppress the vibration of hydrostatic slide using MR damper.The amplitude-frequency curve changes from hardening type nonlinearity to softening type nonlinearity with the increase of the current of damper slowly,and may lead to hysteresis region narrowing,disappear and secondary jump.With the variation of the frequency ratio,the relationship between amplitude and current of damper is changed significantly.When the frequency ratio is small,the amplitude decreases monotonously with the increase of current.The curve is complex and the jump phenomenon occurs with the large frequency ratio.Finally,the experimental results show that the MR damper can suppress the vibration of hydrostatic slide effectively.

关 键 词：机床静压导轨 磁流变阻尼器 导轨振动 抑振 增量谐波平衡 

分 类 号：TG502.14[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]