风险刑法语境下环境刑事立法研究  

Research on Environmental Criminal Legislation in the Context of Risk Criminal Law

作　　者：穆丽霞[1] 李雨娉 MU Lixia;LI Yuping(China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东),山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期49-57,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology（Social Sciences）

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目“黄河流域环境监管失职罪的法律适用问题研究”(20CFZJ49);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目“基于美丽中国建设的绿色能源法律制度研究”(19CX04038B)。

摘　　要：习近平指出:只有实行最严格的制度、最严密的法治才能为生态文明建设提供可靠的制度保障。面对生态环境破坏的现实情况和当前推进生态文明建设的切实需求,完善环境领域的刑事立法迫在眉睫。由于环境犯罪的特殊性,人们对传统刑法的谦抑性和事后性惩罚方式进行了深刻反思,反思的结果为风险刑法引入环境犯罪领域提供了充分探讨的空间。我国现行环境立法的发展呈现出以预防为导向的立法趋势,环境法益的刑事保护呈现出明显的刑法前置性特征。借鉴域外的相关刑事立法经验,我国环境犯罪立法应当构筑多元化立法模式,将环境法益作为入罪的基本法益,增设危险犯,运用客观归责理论判断因果关系,明确污染环境罪罪过形式,并附条件引入相对严格责任,在刑事责任层面构建多元化刑罚手段。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out:“Only by implementing the strictest system and the strictest rule of law can we provide a reliable system guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization.”Facing the actual situation of the destruction of the ecological environment and the current practical needs for promoting the construction of ecological civilization,we should improve the environmental field.The criminal legislation of China is imminent.Due to the particularity of environmental crimes,people have deeply reflected on the modest and post-mortem punishment methods of traditional criminal law.The results of the reflection have provided ample space for the introduction of risk criminal law into the field of environmental crimes.The development of my country’s current environmental legislation presents a prevention-oriented legislation trend,and the criminal protection of environmental legal interests presents an obvious feature of criminal law.Drawing on relevant criminal legislation experience outside the territory,our country’s environmental crime legislation should build a diversified legislative model,take environmental legal benefits as the basic legal benefits of criminalization,add dangerous offenses,use objective imputation theory to judge causality,and clarify the criminal form of environmental pollution crimes.Moreover,we should conditionally introduce relatively strict liability,and constructs diversified punishment methods at the level of criminal liability.

关 键 词：风险刑法 环境犯罪 刑法前置 刑事立法 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]