黑龙江省水稻种质稻瘟病抗性评价及抗瘟基因结构分析  

Evaluation of Rice Blast Resistance and Genetic Structure Analysis of Rice Germplasm in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：张亚玲[1] 高清 赵羽涵 刘瑞[1] 付忠举 李雪 孙宇佳 靳学慧[1] ZHANG YaLing;GAO Qing;ZHAO Yuhan;LIU Rui;FU Zhongju;LI Xue;SUN Yujia;JIN XueHui(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Plant Resistance Research Center,Daqing 163000,Heilongjiang)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/黑龙江省植物抗性研究中心,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第4期625-640,共16页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U20A2025);黑龙江省农垦总局科技攻关项目(HKKYZD190205);黑龙江八一农垦大学科研启动项目(XDB201802,XDB201605)。

摘　　要：【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁黑龙江省水稻的生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是最经济、安全和有效的措施。了解黑龙江省水稻主栽品种的稻瘟病抗性,明确稻瘟病抗性基因的有效性,为黑龙江省稻瘟病抗病种质资源的选育和利用提供依据。【方法】2018年秋季在黑龙江省水稻主产区采集134株水稻单孢菌株,采用病原物接种鉴定方法对黑龙江省50个水稻主栽品种进行抗性分析;针对已报道的35个稻瘟病抗病基因,利用基因特异性引物对参试品种及阳性对照品种进行抗瘟基因检测,对部分无阳性对照品种抗性基因扩增后测序,与NCBI中公布的参考序列比对,分析稻瘟病抗性基因在相应品种中的存在情况;通过基因聚合类型与品种抗性表现相关性分析,明确与黑龙江省水稻品种抗性表现相关的基因型。【结果】根据抗性频率评价,参试的黑龙江省50份水稻品种中,龙粳20表现为抗,龙粳67、龙垦202、龙粳40、龙粳31、龙粳57和龙粳43表现为中抗,其余43个品种均表现感病。通过品种组合抗性分析发现龙粳20与龙粳67等33对品种组合的联合抗性系数(resistance association coefficients,RAC)较高,联合致病性系数(virulence association coefficients,VAC)较低,联合抗病性较好,该类搭配结构具有良好的应用前景。通过特异性引物对品种携带的抗瘟基因鉴定结果显示,抗瘟基因Pish、Pi36、Pi33和Pi-CO39在供试品种中均被检测到,Pi63、Ptr、Pi37、Pi64、pi21、Pi9、Pi54、Pi-kh、Pia、Pikp、Pi35、Pikm和Pik的被检出率为50%—100%,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻育种中应用较广泛;Pita、Pib、Pii、Pi5、Piz-t、Pi50和Pi2的被检出率为10%—50%,Pid2仅在2个品种中被检测到,Pigm仅在吉粳88中被检测到,而Pit、Pid3、Bsr-d1、Pi25、Pid3-A4、Pi56、Pi1、Pike和Pb1在供试品种中均未被检测到,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻品种中分布较少。通过品种基因型分析发【Objective】Rice blast seriously threatens rice production in Heilongjiang Province and the breeding and utilization of anti-blast varieties are the most economical,safe and effective measures to control it.This study explored the resistance of rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province;clarified the resistance effect of disease resistance genes,and provided a basis for the selection and utilization of germplasm resources of rice blast in Heilongjiang Province.【Method】In the autumn of 2018,134 rice strains were collected from the main rice area in Heilongjiang Province,and the resistance of 50 dominant rice varieties was analyzed.For the reported 35 rice blast resistance genes,a comparison was made between the varieties and positive control varieties.Sequencing results of some positive control varieties were compared with the reference sequence published in the National Centre for Biotechnology Information to analyze the existence of rice blast resistance genes in the corresponding varieties.Through the correlation analysis of gene aggregation type and breed resistance performance,the genotypes related to the resistance performance of rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province were clarified.【Result】Among 50 rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province,Longgeng 20 had the best resistance(R).Longgeng 67,Longken 202,Longgeng 40,Longgeng 31,Longgeng 57 and Longgeng 43 had moderate disease resistance;whereas,43 varieties such as Jiahe 1 had relatively low resistance.Through the analysis of variety combination resistance,we found that 33 pairs of Longgeng 20+Longgeng 67 had a high RAC(resistance association coefficient)value,low VAC(virulence association coefficient)value and good combined disease resistance.The matching structure showed potential for application.The identification of resistance genes carried by specific primers showed that Pish,Pi36,Pi33 and Pi-CO39 were detected,and Pi63,Ptr,Pi37,Pi64,pi21,Pi9,Pi54,Pikh,Pia,Pikp,Pi35,Pikm and Pik were between 50%-100%of occurences frequency,indicating that such gene

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病 抗性频率 抗瘟性评价 抗瘟基因 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]