危重症患者气道黏液高分泌药物及物理治疗技术的研究进展  

Research progress of drugs and physical therapy techniques of airway mucus hypersecretion in critically ill patients

作　　者：何明欣 张华[2] 周向东 李琪[1,3] He Ming-xin;Zhang Hua;Zhou Xiang-dong;Li Qi(National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control,Hainan 571199,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委热带病防治重点实验室,海南海口571199 [2]海南医学院急救与创伤研究教育部重点实验室,海南海口571199 [3]海南医学院第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,海南海口570102

出　　处：《中国急救医学》2022年第3期264-269,共6页Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020223);海南创新团队项目(820CXTD448);国家自然科学基金(82160012,81860001,82011530049);国家卫生健康委员会热带病防治重点实验室开放课题(2021NHCTDCKFKT21008)。

摘　　要：气道黏液高分泌是诸多支气管-肺炎性病理过程的重要病理生理特征之一,也是此类病理状态急危重化的重要标志,对患者尤其是危重症患者的病情恶化有着重要推动作用,是患者预后的关键独立因素。目前,祛痰方法主要包括药物祛痰和物理祛痰两大类。药物祛痰除了以往传统的祛痰药物以外,近年来,随着现代创新药物的研发也涌现出了一些新型祛痰药作为黏液高分泌治疗的有效手段;而在物理治疗中,气道廓清技术的重要作用也逐渐得到重视。新型祛痰药物的研制与开发以及气道廓清技术的规范化应用势必成为今后研究和推广的方向和热点。本文就国内外关于气道黏液高分泌治疗手段的最新研究进展作一简要综述,以期为危重症患者气道黏液高分泌状态的治疗提供参考。Hypersecretion of airway mucus is one of the important pathophysiological characteristics of many bronchial-pneumonia pathological processes.It is also an important sign of the criticality of such pathological conditions.It plays an important role in promoting the deterioration of patients,especially critically ill patients,and is related to the key independent factors of patient prognosis.At present,expectorant methods mainly include two categories:drug expectorant and physical expectorant.In addition to the traditional expectorant drugs in the past,new expectorants have emerged as effective methods for the treatment of mucus hypersecretion in recent years with the development of modern innovative drugs.In physical therapy,the important role of airway clearance technology in the treatment of airway inflammation has also gradually gained attention.The research and development of new-type expectorant drugs and the standardized application of airway clearing technology are bound to become the direction and hotspot of future research and promotion.This article provides a brief review of the latest research progress on the treatment of airway mucus hypersecretion at home and abroad,in order to provide references for the treatment of airway inflammation patients with mucus hypersecretion.

关 键 词：气道黏液高分泌 气道炎性疾病 药物祛痰治疗 物理祛痰技术 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]