MoCA和MMSE量表在老年性聋认知评估中的应用比较  

Comparison of the Application of the MoCA and MMSE Scales in the Cognitive Assessment of Presbycusis

作　　者：任燕 汪婷 周嵌 李海峰 李孛 黄治物[1] REN Yan;WANG Ting;ZHOU Qian;LI Hai-feng;LI Bei;HUANG Zhi-wu

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院第九人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海200011 [2]上海中医药大学康复医学院,上海201203

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2022年第2期107-111,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81700903)。

摘　　要：目的比较蒙特利尔认知评估量表(montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)与简易精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)对老年性聋患者认知功能障碍筛查的差异。方法选取106例老年性聋患者,其中男性59人,女性47人,平均年龄75.97±8.47岁,使用MoCA和MMSE量表评估其认知功能,比较筛查出认知障碍的比例及各个认知分项的得分差异。分别按听力损失程度和年龄对老年性聋患者分组,比较听力损失和年龄对两个量表筛查结果的影响。结果(1)所有受试者的MoCA量表平均分24.43±2.95分,MMSE量表平均分27.94±3.41分,MoCA量表筛查出的老年性聋患者认知功能障碍的比例(50.9%)极显著高于MMSE量表(18.9%)(P<0.001),两量表在视空间与执行能力、记忆力及语言与命名能力维度上的得分未达满分的比例有极显著差异(P<0.001)。(2)不同听力损失程度组两量表筛查出认知障碍患者的比例均存在显著差异(P<0.05);(3)不同年龄段MoCA和MMSE量表筛查出认知障碍患者的比例均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论MoCA量表在筛查老年性聋患者认知障碍方面可能比MMSE量表更敏感,主要表现在视空间执行能力、记忆力、语言与命名等方面。听力损失程度和年龄均对量表筛查认知障碍的比例有影响。Objective To find the differences in the effectiveness of Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scales in screening for cognitive impairment in elderly deaf patients.Method 106 cases of presbycusis patients were enrolled in this study,59 male and 47 female,mean(75.97±8.47)years old,their cognitive functions were assessed by both MoCA and MMSE scales.Compared the proportion of cognitive impairment assessed by two scales and the differences in scores across cognitive sub-items.The degree of hearing loss and age were grouped in the elderly deaf patients,comparing the effects of hearing loss and age on the two-scale screening results.Results(1)The average score of the MoCA scale was(24.43±2.95)points for all subjects,and the MMSE scale was(27.94±3.41)points.The proportion of elderly deaf patients with cognitive impairment screened by the MoCA scale(50.9%)was significantly higher than that by the MMSE scale(18.9%)(P<0.001).There were significant differences between the two scales in visual space and execution,memory,and language and naming dimensions(P<0.001).(2)The proportion of patients screened with cognitive impairment varied significantly between the different hearing loss groups(P<0.05).(3)The proportion of patients screened with cognitive impairment varied significantly between the different age groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The MoCA scale may be more sensitive than the MMSE scale in screening cognitive impairment in elderly deaf patients,mainly in visual spatial execution,memory,language and nomenclature.Both the degree of hearing loss and age had an effect on the proportion of the scale screened for cognitive impairment.

关 键 词：老年性聋 认知功能 量表 筛查 

分 类 号：R764.436[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]