英美刑法中的共谋罪及其借鉴  

Conspiracy Crime in British and American Criminal Law and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：高永明[1] 王佼 GAO Yong-ming;WANG Jiao(Law School of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225127)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学法学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《怀化学院学报》2022年第1期64-68,共5页Journal of Huaihua University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“情感的刑事司法功能研究”(20BFX007)。

摘　　要：英美国家共谋罪立法有其合理的立法基础,争议的存在并没有妨碍其成为法定的犯罪。共谋罪成立的核心是共谋协议,其实质在于惩处协议者之间为推进犯罪而达成的有形或无形的不法合意。共谋协议中并不需要知道同伙的身份以及合伙者的数目,但必须知道至少一个同伙的存在。针对有组织犯罪打击的特效,当下共谋罪在英美国家出现了扩张适用的态势。将共谋描述为犯罪准备进而作为预备犯处罚是片面的,因为它忽略了“共谋而不参与执行”的特征。为履行国际条约义务、切实打击有组织犯罪,我国应借鉴共谋罪立法,于危害国家安全罪、危及公共安全的暴力性犯罪上设立共谋罪。From the legislation of conspiracy crime in Britain and America,the existing controversy does not prevent it from becoming a statutory crime because of its reasonable legislative basis.The core of the conspiracy crime is the conspiracy agreement with its essence lying in punishing the tangible or intangible illegal agreement reached between the related parties to promote the crime.The identity of the accomplices and the number of partners are not required in a conspiracy agreement,but the existence of at least one accomplice is required.Because of its special effect on the fight against organized crime,the crime of conspiracy is expanding in Britain and the United States.It is one-sided to describe conspiracy as criminal preparation and then to be punished as a preparatory crime,because it ignores the feature of“conspiracy without participation in execution”.In order to fulfill the obligations of international treaties and crack down on organized crimes,China should establish the crime of conspiracy on the basis of the crime of endangering national security and the violent crime of endangering public security.

关 键 词：共谋罪 共谋协议 有组织犯罪 

分 类 号：DF611[政治法律—刑法学]