碳排放权权利属性论——兼谈中国碳市场交易规则的完善  

On the Right Attribute of Carbon Emission Right——Also on the Improvement of Carbon Market Trading Rules of China

作　　者：倪受彬 NI Shoubin

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院,上海200092

出　　处：《政治与法律》2022年第2期2-14,共13页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“慈善信托财产保值增值投资法律问题研究”(项目编号:2018BFX29)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：碳排放权源于环境权益等基本权利。为保护整体的大气环境容量,国家通过碳排放权的制度化,规范排放额度的分配并构建碳市场以调节权利主体的碳排放行为。碳排放权的权利属性属于其中的基础性法律问题。碳排放权是对大气环境容量的占有、使用、收益权,具有用益物权属性和特征。为规范我国统一碳市场交易标的和产品,应通过类推适用明确碳排放权的用益物权属性。为统一碳市场产品交易的规则与权利基础,应按照民法物权变动和登记过户的交易机制,解决统一碳配额市场的分配、交易、注销、履约和抵销等法律问题。The carbon emission right is originated from basic rights such as environmental rights and interests. In order to protect the overall atmospheric environmental capacity, countries regulate the carbon emission behavior of right subjects through the institutionalization of the carbon emission right,normalizing the allocation of emission quota and building a carbon market. The right attribute of carbon emission right is one of basic legal issues. The carbon emission right is the right to occupation, use and benefit of atmospheric environmental capacity, which has the attribute and characteristics of the usufruct.In order to normalize the trading objects and products in the unified carbon market of China, the usufruct attribute of carbon emission right should be clarified by analogy. In order to unify the carbon market products and trading rules and rights basis, legal issues such as distribution, trading, cancellation,performance and offset in the unified market of carbon quota should be settled in accordance with the trading mechanism on real property right change and ownership transfer registration in the civil law.

关 键 词：碳排放权 权利属性 用益物权 权利变动 

分 类 号：DF46[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]