雷击碳纤维叶片的表面场强分布与附着特性研究  

Study on Surface Field Intensity Distribution and Attachment Characteristics of Lightning Stroke Carbon Fiber Blades

作　　者：周歧斌 史一泽 王振兴 边晓燕 赵洋[4] ZHOU Qibin;SHI Yize;WANG Zhenxing;BIAN Xiaoyan;ZHAO Yang(School of Electric Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology,School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;State Grid Jincheng Power Supply Company,Shanxi Jincheng 048000,China;Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学电气工程学院,上海200090 [2]上海大学机电工程与自动化学院,上海市电站自动化技术重点实验室,上海200444 [3]国网晋城供电公司,山西晋城048000 [4]南京信息工程大学,南京210044

出　　处：《高压电器》2022年第2期17-24,32,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”青年科技英才扬帆计划项目(19YF1416900);上海市科委科技创新项目(19020500800);上海市气象局面上项目(MS201602)。

摘　　要：风电场中使用碳纤维叶片的风机正在逐年增多,为了研究碳纤维应用在风机叶片时的雷击附着特性,文中建立了碳纤维和玻/碳纤维混合风机叶片的三维电磁场仿真模型,基于有限积分法和理想边界拟合技术,通过计算不同材料叶片表面场强分布,分析了下行先导位置和叶片材料影响雷击附着特性的原因,研判了接闪器对碳纤维叶片的保护能力。研究结果表明:全碳纤维叶片表面场强分布特性与玻璃纤维叶片相似,但更早且更易产生上行先导;玻/碳纤维混合叶片表面场强分布受材料特性影响呈明显的差异化分布,碳纤维部分较玻璃纤维部分更易受雷击;下行先导的位置对叶片表面场强分布的影响与材料特性相关;雷击附着特性分析显示传统叶片接闪器对碳纤维叶片的保护能力有限。Wind turbines using carbon fiber blades in wind farms are increasing year by year. In order to study the lightning attachment characteristics of carbon fiber used in turbine blades,a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation model of carbon fiber and glass/carbon fiber hybrid turbine blades is established in this paper. Based on the finite integral method and ideal boundary fitting technology and by way of calculating the field intensity distribution on the surface of blades with different materials, the reasons on the influence of downward leader position and blade material on the lightning attachment characteristics of blades are analyzed and the protective capability of the receptors to carbon fiber blades is studied. The study results show that the surface field intensity distribution characteristics of all-carbon fiber blades are similar to those of glass fiber blades,but earlier and more likely to produce upward leaders. The distribution of surface field intensity of glass/carbon fiber composite blades is obviously different from that of glass fiber blades due to material characteristics. The carbon fiber part is more susceptible to lightning strikes than the glass fiber part. The effect of downward leaders position to the distribution of surface field intensity is related to the material characteristics. The analysis of the lightning attachment characteristics shows that the protective capability of the traditional blade lightning receptors to the carbon fiber blade is limited.

关 键 词：碳纤维叶片 玻璃纤维叶片 玻/碳纤维混合叶片 雷击附着特性 上行先导起始 接闪器 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]