交通风作用下的城市公路隧道污染扩散特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Pollutant Dispersion under the Effect of Traffic Wind Inside Urban Road Tunnel

作　　者：赵宇 NawazAli 宋晓程 江超文 冯瑶 Zhao Yu;Nawaz Ali;Song Xiaocheng;Jiang Chaowen;Feng Yao(School of Civil Engineering,Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,116024;Civil and Architectural Engineering College,Dalian University,Dalian,116622)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学建设工程学部土木工程学院,大连116024 [2]大连大学建筑工程学院,大连116622

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2022年第1期34-39,共6页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51808095);中央高校基本科研业务费(DUT21JC43)。

摘　　要：随着中国经济的快速发展,汽车保有量快速增加,大中城市交通拥堵情况愈发严重。近年来,城市公路隧道作为缓解山区和丘陵城市交通状况的有力工具得到蓬勃发展。隧道作为封闭环境,机动车排放污染物易在隧道内部聚集。现有研究中对隧道内部复杂多变的交通风特性研究较为匮乏。以上述关键问题为突破口,将车辆行进产生交通风作为动量方程、湍流动能方程和湍流耗散率方程的附加源项添加到Realizable k-ε模型中,在不同车辆行驶速度对长大公路隧道污染物扩散进行数值模拟研究,结果表明,在高密度车流量情况下,隧道内部交通风对污染物沿长度方向的传播具有明显的促进作用,对于3km的长大隧道而言,污染物沿程分布已由线性变成了二次抛物线分布,隧道出口段的污染极为严重,对驾乘人员身心健康影响较大。研究成果可作为城市公路隧道驾乘人员污染暴露研究的基础,同时可为基于污染物动态分布特性下通风系统的智能化调控提供指导和依据。Due to the rapid development of economy in China, the number of vehicles has dramatically increased and traffic jams become a more serious issue, especially for the metropolitan in China. Recently, urban road tunnels have been prevalent in the areas with several hills and mountains. However, the enclosed structure and continuous exhaust from vehicles strengthen the pollution inside the tunnel. Meanwhile, the current researches on the pollutant dispersion under the effect of traffic wind induced by the vehicle movement is not sufficient. Thus, this paper focused on the abovementioned issues, simulated the pollutant dispersion patterns inside super long urban road tunnel with high traffic flow conditions, by employing the Realizable k-ε model with the traffic induced vehicle additional source terms including momentum equation, energy equation and turbulence equation. The results indicated that when traffic flow maintained as high levels, piston effect induced by vehicle movement dominated the pollutant dispersion from the entrance to the exit inside tunnel. A parabola interpolation increase patterns for CO concentration was observed along the traffic direction, which was different from the linear relationship for shorter tunnels. Extreme high pollution appeared at the exit of the tunnels and then threatened the health of drivers and passengers. The conclusion in the paper could be the fundamentals and guidance of human exposure risk, optimization and smart control of ventilation systems inside super long urban road tunnels in the future.

关 键 词：城市公路隧道 交通风 污染扩散 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]