论降低刑事责任年龄对预防未成年人犯罪的影响  

On the Influence of Lowering the Age of Criminal Responsibility on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

作　　者：吴鹏飞 汪梦茹 WU Pengfei;WANG Mengru(Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院 [2]上海海事大学法学院海商法研究中心

出　　处：《犯罪研究》2021年第6期84-92,共9页Chinese Criminology Review

摘　　要：我国未成年人犯罪现状正处于"量降质升"的趋势。刑事责任年龄的降低不仅有助于实现对未成年人犯罪的一般与特殊的预防目的,更有助于社会支持系统的再构建。可单纯的限度下调同样也会对未成年人犯罪的预防带来消极影响,其具体表现为司法部门自由裁量权扩大和再犯罪率上升两个方面。未来新规定的实施应当以此为基础予以改进,细化"情节恶劣"的认定标准、完善专门矫治教育并进一步改革家庭、学校的教育机制,优化社会环境。At present,the number of juvenile delinquency cases is decreasing,yet the severity of the cases is increasing.The lowering of the age of criminal responsibility is not only helpful to achieve the general and special prevention of juvenile delinquency,but also helpful to reconstruct the social support system.However,simply lowering the limit will also exert some negative impact on the prevention of juvenile delinquency,which is manifested in two aspects:the expansion of judicial discretion and the rise of recidivism rate.Considering this,the implementation of the new system in the future should be further improved on this basis,by taking the following measures:specifying the recognition criteria of"execrable circumstances",improving the specialized correctional education,and further reforming the education mechanism of families and schools and perfecting social environment.

关 键 词：刑事责任年龄 预防未成年人犯罪 低龄未成年人 积极影响 消极影响 

分 类 号：D917.6[政治法律—法学] D669.5