公共卫生领域中适用风险预防原则的困境与出路  

Predicament and Way of Applying Risk Precautionary Principle in the Public Health Field

作　　者：于涵 Yu Han

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2022年第2期65-71,共7页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大研究专项“以法规备案审查制度彰显社会主义核心价值观研究”(19VHJ015)。

摘　　要：为了将公共卫生风险控制在“可接受范围”内,必然要引入风险预防原则。这既是传统秩序行政下消极危险防范转向现代风险行政下积极风险预防的因应之策,也具备坚实的正当性基础。然而,风险预防原则介入公共卫生领域面临双重困境,即决策面向的是否采取措施以及执行面向的采取何种措施。为此,应当以强版本风险预防原则为指导,对公共卫生风险适用“有罪推定”原则,构建去中心化的疾病防控系统,以比例原则限制风险预防措施,并以“杠铃模式”制定应急预案。In order to control public health risk within the“acceptable scope”, it is necessary to introduce the rish precautionary principle. This is not only a response to the shift from negative risk prevention under the traditional order administration to positive risk precaution under the modern risk administration, but also has a solid basis of legitimacy. However, the rish precautionary principle in the field of public health faces a double dilemma: whether to take measures for decision-making and what measures to take in its implementation. For this reason, the strong rish precautionary principle should be applied as a guidance, the principle of“presumption of guilt”to public health risks should be applied, a decentralized disease prevention and control system should be built, risk precautionary measures should be limited by proportionality and the “barbell model”of contingency plans should be formulated.

关 键 词：公共卫生 风险预防 行政裁量 有罪推定 比例原则 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]