农民减负与农产品出口质量提升——基于2002年农业税改革的研究  

Reducing farmers’burden and improving of agricultural exports’quality:Based on the agricultural tax reform in 2002

作　　者：徐晓辰 王松 孙楚仁 XU Xiaochen;WANG Song;SUN Churen(University Of Chinese Academy Of Social Sciences,Beijing,102488;Party School of C.P.C Jiangsu Committee,Nanjing,210009;Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou,510080)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学 [2]江苏省委党校 [3]广东外语外贸大学广东国际战略研究院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2021年第6期123-139,共17页China Economic Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“我国产业集聚演进与新动能培育发展研究”(71733001);国家自然科学基金面上项目“我国城市贸易结构空间分布研究”(71273167);国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’区域价值链构建与中国产业转型升级”(18ZDA039)。

摘　　要：农民减负一直是党中央兴农和惠农政策的重要举措,提升农产品质量是新时期"质量兴农战略"的基本要求,21世纪初的农业税改革在整个中国农民"减负"史上具有里程碑式的意义。基于农业税改革县统计数据和2001—2006年农产品出口数据,本文利用倍差法考察了2002年农业税改革对农产品出口质量的影响。实证研究发现,农业税改革促进了农产品出口质量提升,这一政策效果体现在税改后的第一年和第二年,第一年的作用大于第二年。该实证结果在剔除贫困县、以改革省本省和改革省邻省的非改革县为对照组、仅考察农业大省的情况下,仍是稳健的。机制检验还表明,农业税改革通过刺激农业生产投入扩大和促使更多企业进入农产品行业促进了农产品出口质量提升。本文的结论表明农民减负有利于农产品质量提升,这既为国家进一步减轻农民负担提供了理论支撑,也为"质量兴农战略"的深入实施提供了一个可资借鉴的政策指向。Reducing the burden on farmers has always been an essential measure of the party central committee’s policy of invigorating agriculture and benefiting agriculture.Improving the quality of agricultural products is the essential requirement of the“strategy of invigorating agriculture by quality”in the new era.Based on the data of agricultural tax reform counties and agricultural product export data from 2001 to 2006,this paper investigates the impact of the agricultural tax reform in 2002 on the export quality of agricultural products by using the double-difference method.The study finds that agricultural tax reform promotes agricultural product export quality.The effect of this policy is reflected in the first and second years after the tax reform.The first year’s effect is more significant than the second year.The empirical results are still stable when the poor counties are excluded and treat the non-reformed counties of the reformed province and the neighboring provinces of the reformed province as the control group.The mechanism test also showed that the agricultural tax reform promotes the export quality of agricultural products by stimulating the expansion of agricultural production input and encouraging more enterprises to enter the agricultural products industry.The paper concludes that reducing farmers’burden is beneficial to the quality of agricultural products,which provides academic support for the country to reduce the burden of farmers further and points out a critical policy direction for implementing the“quality agriculture strategy.”

关 键 词：农民减负 农业税改革 农产品出口 质量 倍差法 

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