矿用堵漏无机触变防灭火凝胶的流变特性研究  

Study on rheological characteristics of inorganic thixotropic fire extinguishing gel for blocking air leakage of coal mine

作　　者：韩福志 邵和 司俊鸿 张俊 HAN Fuzhi;SHAO He;SI Junhong;ZHANG Jun(College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;School of Emergency Technology and Management,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Beijing 101601,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学安全与应急管理工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]华北科技学院应急技术与管理学院,北京101601

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2022年第1期1-7,共7页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51804210);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0270)。

摘　　要：为了有效阻隔煤矿采空区漏风,研制了一种由钠基膨润土、硅酸镁锂、水玻璃和复合外加剂组成的无机触变防灭火凝胶。通过倒置法测试凝胶的成胶时间,采用旋转流变仪研究了在不同配比条件下凝胶的流变特性,构建了凝胶的本构方程,优选出适用于注浆堵漏的凝胶配比。结果表明:凝胶的流变特性符合Herschel-Bulkley模型,相关系数R^(2)均大于0.99;按照样品S-13的配比,即当钠基膨润土、硅酸镁锂、硅酸盐水泥的质量分数分别为4.00%、3.00%、0.46%时,凝胶的流动性较好、触变性较强,且未恢复残余应力与屈服应力相对较小,有利于将凝胶浆液输送至采空区,静置形成稳定网状凝胶结构封堵漏风,不易产生新的裂缝。玻璃圆筒充填凝胶后两端相对压力可达-53.9 kPa,约为未充填时的28倍,说明凝胶密封性能好;灭火实验中,煤堆注入凝胶后温度快速下降,不易复燃。In order to effectively block the air leakage in goaf of coal mine,an inorganic thixotropic gel consisting of sodium bentonite,laponite,sodium silicate and composite admixtures was proposed.The gelation time of the gel was tested by the inversion method.The rheological characteristics of the gels under different ratio were conditions studied by using the rotational rheometer.The constitutive equation of the gel was constructed,and the suitable ratio of the gel for blocking the air leakage by grouting was selected.The results show that the rheological characteristics of the gels conform to the Herschel-Bulkley model and the correlation coefficients R^(2) are all greater than 0.99;according to the ratio of S-13 sample,namely,when the mass fractions of sodium bentonite,laponite and portland cement are 4.00%,3.00%and 0.46%respectively,the inorganic thixotropic gel has excellent fluidity,strong thixotropy and relatively small unrecovered residual stress and yield stress,which is beneficial to transport the gel slurry to goaf and form a stable network gel structure to seal the air leakage and not easy to produce new cracks.The relative pressure between the two ends of the glass cylinder after filling gel can reach-53.9 kPa,which is about 28 times of that without gel filling,indicating good gel sealing performance;in the fire extinguishing experiment,the temperature of coal decreases rapidly and coal is not easy to reignite after injecting gel into the coal piles.

关 键 词：堵漏风 无机触变凝胶 成胶时间 流变特性 本构方程 防灭火 

分 类 号：TD752.2[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]