缺水基岩山区蓄水构造类型划分及其属性分析  

Classification and attribute analysis of water-storing structures in water deficient bedrock mountainous areas

作　　者：张福存[1,2,3] 王新峰 李伟[1,2] 程旭学 韩双宝[1,2] 潘晓东[5] 龚磊[1,2,3] ZHANG Fucun;WANG Xinfeng;LI Wei;CHENG Xuxue;HAN Shuangbao;PAN Xiaodong;GONG Lei(Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,China Geological Survey,Baoding,Hebei 071051,China;Center for Groundwater Exploration and Development Engineering Technology Research,CGS,Baoding,Hebei 071051,China;Hebei Center for Ecological and Environmental Geology Research,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051 [2]中国地质调查局地下水勘查与开发工程技术研究中心,河北保定071051 [3]河北省高校生态环境地质应用技术研发中心(河北地质大学),河北石家庄050031 [4]河北省水资源可持续利用与产业结构优化协同创新中心(河北地质大学),河北石家庄050031 [5]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2022年第2期7-16,共10页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：河北省水资源可持续利用与产业结构优化协同创新中心开放基金(XTZX202106);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20179262,DD20190259)。

摘　　要：近十多年来,服务脱贫攻坚的基岩山区找水打井工作充分运用并丰富了蓄水构造理论,但缺乏对其类型的统一划分和属性的深入分析。以蓄水构造为理论指导,考虑地貌汇水、岩性赋水、构造控水等控制因素,以构造为主控因素,综合地形地貌、地层岩性和植被发育及开发利用实际价值等因素,系统总结划分出缺水基岩山区水平岩层、单斜、褶皱、断裂、接触、风化壳、复合、洞藏等8类20型35式蓄水构造,并借鉴、结合新构造控水理论和地下水系统理论分析总结不同尺度、不同类型蓄水构造的共性特征,从蓄水构造空间组合特征、边界水文地质性质、水动力条件、尺度效应、控水共生特征、开发利用实际价值等方面,提出了岩性与地质构造的相关性、透水与隔水的相对性、汇水与蓄水的平衡性、尺度与系统的统一性、形成与改造的继承性和规模与目的的匹配性等蓄水构造属性。研究成果细化完善了缺水基岩山区地下水蓄水构造类型划分,总结提炼了蓄水构造属性特征,深化了对蓄水构造概念内涵的理解与认识。既进一步推动了基岩山区水文地质学的研究,也可为缺水区找水定井提供参考,并指导缺水区水资源可持续利用。Since 2002,the China Geological Survey has successively organized and implemented hydrogeological survey and groundwater exploration in water deficient areas,such as severe water shortage areas in west China,Wumeng Mountain area,Yimeng mountain area and red bed area in southern Jiangxi,obtained a large number of exploration data conducive to promoting discipline development,and summarized the law of water abundance.In recent decades,water prospecting and well drilling in bedrock mountainous areas serving poverty alleviation have not been systematically summarized based on water storage structures and their attributes.This paper takes the water storage structure as the theoretical guidance,considers geomorphic catchment,lithological water accumulation,structural water control and other control factors,and takes structure as the main control factor.The factors such as topography,formation lithology,vegetation development and actual value of development and utilization are systematically summarized and water storage structures are divided into 8 types,further divided into20 types,and more into 35 types,such as the horizontal rock stratum,monocline formation,fold,fault,contact zone,weathered crust,composite and cave reservoir.The common characteristics of different scales and types of water storage structures are analyzed and summarized with reference to and in combination with the neotectonic water control theory and groundwater system theory.From the aspects of spatial combination characteristics of water storage structure,boundary hydrogeological properties,hydrodynamic conditions,scale effect,symbiotic characteristics of water control and practical value of development and utilization,this paper puts forward the correlation between the lithology and geological structure,the relativity of permeability and water separation,the balance between catchment and water storage,the unity of scale and system,the inheritance of formation and transformation and the matching of scale and purpose.The research results refine and

关 键 词：找水打井 蓄水构造 蓄水构造属性 缺水山区 地下水勘查 

分 类 号：P641.1[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]