镁缓解高温强光对烟草植株光合生理伤害的影响  

Physiological Effect of Magnesium in Relieving Temperature-and-light-induced Damage to Tobacco Plants

作　　者：魏晓玲 冯常青 黄云侠 徐时长 邱福祥 吴题 郑英洁 李文卿 何华勤[1] WEI Xiaoling;FENG Changqing;HUANG Yunxia;XU Shichang;QIU Fuxiang;WU Ti;ZHENG Yingjie;LI Wenqing;HE Huaqin(College of Life Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Institute of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省烟草专卖局烟草科学研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2022年第1期33-41,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省烟草专卖局项目(20193500002400009)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究镁营养缓解高温强光对烟草光合生理伤害的影响机制,以期为福建地区烟草栽培提供理论指导。【方法】以烟草翠碧一号为试验材料,设置4个镁质量浓度(0、12.0、48.0和120.0 mg·L^(-1))与33℃高温下2个光强(600和1200μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))处理,分析不同施镁量对不同光强处理下烟株光合生理的影响。【结果】强光(1200μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))加重了烟株的缺镁症状,烟叶出现日灼斑,H_(2)O_(2)与丙二醛含量增加,膜透性升高。在48 mg·L^(-1)时,烟株启动CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶,清除多余的H_(2)O_(2)与丙二醛,增加叶片叶绿素合成量,提高净光合速率,避免烟株遭受高温强光逆境的伤害。【结论】适当施镁能缓解高温强光胁迫下烟叶的日灼斑症状,提高烟株的干物质量和叶片叶绿素合成量,增加CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶活性,从而有效缓解高温强光对烟株光合生理的伤害,其中在48.0 mg·L^(-1)镁供应下缓解效果最好。【Objective】Application of magnesium to alleviate the physiological damage that seriously ill-affects the yield and quality of a tobacco plant by high temperature and strong light was studied.【Method】Flue-cured tobacco,Cuibi No.1(Nicotiana tabacum),plants were supplied with magnesium at 0,12.0,48.0,and 120.0 mg·L^(-1) under 33℃with light exposures of 600 or 1200μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).Effects of the nutrient supplement on the physiology of tobacco plants were monitored.【Result】A magnesium deficiency on the plants with the symptoms of sun-burn,H_(2)O_(2) and malondialdehyde accumulations,and a heightened leaf membrane permeability was observed under the stress of 33℃and the light exposure at 1200μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).Through supplementing 48 mg·L^(-1) magnesium the tobacco plants significantly rose on the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase,which eliminated ROS,as well as the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate.The adverse effects caused by the stress were significantly relieved.【Conclusion】Appropriate application of magnesium fertilization could alleviate the physiological damages on tobacco plants caused by high temperature and strong light exposure.

关 键 词：烟草 镁营养 高温强光胁迫 生理 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]