三维数字图像相关法在碳钢拉伸试验中的应用  

Application of Three-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation Method in Carbon Steel Tensile Test

作　　者：陈志新[1] 彭小龙 王梧旭 黄程 CHEN Zhixin;PENG Xiaolong;WANG Wuxu;HUANG Cheng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学机械与电子工程学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2022年第1期104-110,共7页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：对Q235B钢、45钢、T8钢进行室温准静态拉伸试验,基于三维数字图像相关(3D-DIC)法测定拉伸过程中颈缩处的应变和半径以及应变分布,并与力-位移传感器测试结果和ABAQUS有限元模拟结果进行对比。结果表明:3D-DIC法测试得到拉伸过程中3种碳钢的应变和颈缩处半径均呈先慢后快的变化趋势,与碳钢的拉伸变形行为相符,并且应变的变化规律与有限元模拟结果一致,平均相对误差小于2.35%;3D-DIC法与力-位移传感器测试得到的应变的平均相对误差为0.003%,说明3D-DIC法较准确。3D-DIC法测试得到的应变在x轴和y轴方向的分布与有限元模拟结果较吻合,但有限元模拟结果更精细,对于xy平面上的应变分布,这两种方法所得结果差异较大。Quasi-static tensile tests at room temperature were carried out on Q235 B steel,45 steel and T8 steel.The strain and radius at necking as well as strain distribution during tension were determined by a three-dimensional digital image correlation(3 D-DIC)method,and were compared with the results obtained by force-displacement sensor measurement and ABAQUS finite element simulation.The results show that the strain and radius at necking of the three carbon steels in tension showed a slow first and then fast change trend,which was consistent with the tensile deformation behavior of carbon steels.The change law of strains in stretching was consistent with the finite element simulation results;the average relative error was less than 2.35%.The average relative error of strains obtained by the 3 D-DIC method and by the force-displacement sensor test was 0.003%,indicating the 3 D-DIC method was accurate.The distribution of strains along the x-axis and y-axis directions obtained by the 3 D-DIC method was in good agreement with the finite element simulation results,but the finite element simulation was more more precise.For the strain distribution on the xy plane,the results obtained by the two methods were quite different.

关 键 词：数字图像相关法 碳钢 应变分布 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]