仿刺参幼参对亮氨酸最适需求量的研究  

Optimum dietary leucine requirement of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：刘财礼 王际英 李宝山 沈钰博 孙永智 黄炳山 王世信 LIU Caili;WANG Jiying;LI Baoshan;SHEN Yubo;SUN Yongzhi;HUANG Bingshan;WANG Shixin(Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrion of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration,Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Yantai 264006,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306 [2]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第2期238-249,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：烟台市科技计划(2021YT06000221);山东省现代农业产业技术体系-刺参创新团队(SDAIT-22-06)。

摘　　要：为探究仿刺参幼参对亮氨酸的最适需求量,在基础饲料中分别添加0.00%、0.80%、1.60%、2.40%、3.20%和4.00%的包膜亮氨酸,配成亮氨酸含量分别为1.29%(D1,对照组)、1.63%(D2)、1.98%(D3)、2.22%(D4)、2.58%(D5)和2.97%(D6)的6组实验饲料,饲喂初始体质量为(16.40±0.14)g的仿刺参幼参60 d。结果显示,①随饲料亮氨酸含量从1.29%提高到1.98%,仿刺参幼参的增重率和特定生长率显著升高,在D3组增重率达到最大值100.84%,随亮氨酸含量进一步提高,增重率和特定生长率显著降低,但D3、D4和D5组增重率和特定生长率还是显著高于对照组;②随饲料亮氨酸含量从1.29%提高到1.98%,仿刺参体壁的粗脂肪含量显著升高,在D3组达到最大值5.50%,且显著高于其他组,随亮氨酸含量进一步提高,仿刺参体壁粗脂肪含量显著降低,各组间水分、粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量均无显著性差异;随饲料亮氨酸含量的升高,仿刺参体壁蛋氨酸含量显著提高;③随饲料亮氨酸含量从1.29%提高到1.98%,仿刺参肠道脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性显著提高,饲料亮氨酸含量进一步提高时,脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性均显著降低,D3组脂肪酶活性显著高于其他组,D2、D3和D4组蛋白酶活性显著高于其他组;④随饲料亮氨酸含量从1.29%提高到1.98%,仿刺参肠道谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著升高,超过1.98%后,谷草转氨酶活性趋于平稳,而谷丙转氨酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著降低,D3组谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于其他组,D3组总抗氧化能力显著高于D1、D2、D5和D6组,随饲料亮氨酸含量从1.29%提高到1.98%,仿刺参肠道丙二醛含量显著降低,当饲料亮氨酸含量超过2.22%后,丙二醛含量显著升高,D3和D4组丙二醛含量显著低于其他组。研究表明,以增重率为评价指标,经一元二次回归分析得出,体质量为(16.40±0.14)g的仿刺参幼参对饲料中亮氨酸的最适需求量为2.11%(10.37%饲料粗蛋白A 60-d feeding trial was conducted to determine the dietary leucine requirement of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with initial body weight(16.40±0.14)g.Six experimental diets were formulated with the graded leucine levels 1.29%(D1,control group),1.63%(D2),1.98%(D3),2.22%(D4),2.58%(D5)and 2.97%(D6)dry diets.The results showed that:There were no differences in survival rate among all groups(96.00%-98.67%).Both weight growth rate(WGR)and the specific growth rate(SGR)increased with increasing leucine content until reaching peak levels at 1.98%dietary leucine,but decreased thereafter.The WGR and SGR of D3,D4 and D5 groups were significantly higher than D1 group.The WGR reached maximum value of 100.84%in the D3 group.There were no significant effects on ratio of intestine weight to body wall weight(IBR)and ratio of intestine length to body length(IBL)of sea cucumber.The crude lipid contents of body wall was increased when dietary leucine content increased from 1.29%to 1.98%but decreased when the dietary leucine content exceeded1.98%,and D3 group was significantly higher than other groups,but there were no significant effects on moisture,crude protein and crude ash contents.Both methionine and leucine content of body wall were significantly increased by dietary leucine,but there were no significant effects on total amino acids(TAA).Both lipase and protease activities of intestinal were increased with increasing levels of leucine up to 1.98%diet and then decreased.The lipase of D3 group was significantly higher than other groups,meanwhile,the protease of D2,D3 and D4 groups were significantly higher than other groups.All of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),asparate aminotransferase(AST)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)activities of intestinal were increased when dietary leucine content increased from 1.29%to 1.98%.There were no significant effects on AST activity when the dietary leucine content exceeded 1.98%,but the ALT and T-AOC activities were decreased.The T-AOC activity of D3 group was significantly

关 键 词：仿刺参 亮氨酸 生长 免疫 消化酶 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]