福建省美沙酮维持治疗者焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素分析  

Anxiety and depression among methadone maintenance treatment patients and theirinfluencing factors in Fujian province

作　　者：张明雅[1] 吴韶彬[1] 陈亮[1] ZHANG Mingya;WU Shaobin;CHEN Liang(Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福州350001

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2022年第2期203-206,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：2015年福建省卫生计生委青年科研课题(2015-1-24)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省美沙酮维持治疗者的焦虑、抑郁现状及其影响因素,为提高治疗依从性提供依据。方法在福建省5个地市6家美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊开展问卷调查,对所收集的信息进行整理分析,采用Logistic回归分析受治者焦虑、抑郁影响因素。结果共调查510名MMT受治者,32.2%受治者存在焦虑,44.7%受治者存在抑郁。Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑的影响因素有:有不良反应(OR=4.340,95%CI:2.437~7.729),治疗后与吸毒朋友交往(OR=4.031,95%CI:2.561~6.345),与家人关系一般/较差(OR=1.792,95%CI:1.133~2.834),自我感觉美沙酮效果一般/较差(OR=1.716,95%CI:1.090~2.701);抑郁的影响因素有:有不良反应(OR=2.392,95%CI:1.514~3.779),治疗后与吸毒朋友交往(OR=2.242,95%CI:1.442~3.489),与家人关系一般/较差(OR=2.315,95%CI:1.491~3.593),无信心通过MMT戒掉海洛因(OR=2.812,95%CI:1.413~5.595),最近一次吗啡尿检阳性(OR=2.830,95%CI:1.632~4.906)。结论福建省MMT受治者中存在焦虑、抑郁,应加强宣传教育,使受治者正确认识MMT的知识及治疗的不良反应,同时采用各种方法使不良反应降到最低,加强受治者治疗的信心。帮助受治者加强与家人的沟通,改善他们的关系,远离吸毒朋友;加强吗啡尿检,及时发现尿检阳性者并采取针对性的措施。Objective To investigate the status of anxiety and depression in methadone maintenance therapy(MMT)patients and their influencing factors in Fujian province,aiming to provide evidence for improving treatment compliance.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in six MMT clinics from five cities in Fujian province.The collected information was analyzed using the Logistic regression to explore the influencing factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients.Results A total of 510 MMT patients were investigated with 32.2%of the patients having anxiety,and 44.7%having depression.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with anxiety were:medication side effects(OR=4.340,95%CI:2.437-7.729),being contacted by other drug users after treatment(OR=4.031,95%CI:2.561-6.345),average/poor relationship with family members(OR=1.792,95%CI:1.133-2.834),and the self-perceived methadone effect being moderate/poor(OR=1.716,95%CI:1.090-2.701).The influential factors of depression were side effects(OR=2.392,95%CI:1.514-3.779),being contacted by other drug users after treatment(OR=2.242,95%CI:1.442-3.489),and average/poor relationship with family members(OR=2.315,95%CI:1.491-3.593),with no confidence to quit heroin through MMT(OR=2.812,95%CI:1.413-5.595)and having a positive urine test for morphine(OR=2.830,95%CI:1.632-4.906).Conclusion Anxiety and depression existed in MMT patients.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education among MMT patients to ensure an accurate understanding of the knowledge of MMT and the adverse reactions associated with the treatment.Various methods were needed to minimize the adverse reactions and strengthen the confidence of treatment of the patients.Helping patients to strengthen the communication with their families to improve their relationships,and to stay away from peers who are currently using drugs is critical.In addition,more efforts are needed to strengthen morphine urine tests for timely detection of a positive urine test with targeted manage

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]