植被类型和蓄水层对绿色屋顶蒸散发的影响  

Effects of Plant Types and Water Retention Layer on Evapotranspiration of Green Roofs

作　　者：刘佳亲 黄山 王俊[1,2,3] 王浩 张可欣[1,2,3] 甘霖 梅国雄[1,2,3] LIU Jia-qin;HUANG Shan;WANG Jun;WANG Hao;ZHANG Ke-xin;GAN Lin;MEI Guo-xiong(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学土木建筑工程学院,南宁530004 [2]广西大学工程防灾与结构安全教育部重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]广西大学广西防灾减灾与工程安全重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第6期2437-2444,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878185);广西省自然科学基金创新研究团队项目(2016GXNSFGA380008);广西自治区财政八桂学者项目(2016A31)。

摘　　要：为了定量分析植被类型和蓄水层设置对干旱时期拓展型绿色屋顶蒸散发特性的影响,设计了两种形式(有无蓄水层)和3种植被类型(麦冬草、佛甲草或姬十二单)的6个绿色屋顶模型桶,通过对绿色屋顶进行连续3个月的现场监测。结果表明,蓄水层设置显著提高了基质含水量,并在降雨后一定时间(约3 d)内保持较高的稳定含水量;有蓄水层绿色屋顶实际蒸散发(actual daily evapotranspiration,AET)总是高于无蓄水层绿色屋顶,平均AET提高0.6 mm/d;经历了13 d的干旱时间,蓄水层设置对维持佛甲草的蒸腾速率最有效,相比于无蓄水层的佛甲草提升49%的气孔导度值;蓄水层对增加种植姬十二单的绿色屋顶AET效果最好,平均AET增加了1.1 mm/d。研究结果可为旱涝季节分明的地区绿色屋顶植被选择和蓄水层设置提供基础数据支撑和参考借鉴。In order to quantitatively study the effects of plant types and water retention layer setting on the evapotranspiration of the expansive green roof during drought period,six combinations of green roof test model buckets with two structures(with or without water retention layer)and three plant types[Liriope graminifolia(Linn.)Baker,Sedum lineare Thunb and Ajuga ciliata Bunge]were set up.Green roofs were monitored on site for three consecutive months.The results show as follows.The water retention layer setting significantly increases the substrate moisture content and maintains a high stable moisture content for a certain time(about 3 days)after rainfall.AET(actual daily evapotranspiration)of green roof with water retention layer is always higher than that of green roofs without water retention layer,and the average AET increases by 0.6 mm/d.After 13 d of drought period,the water retention layer setting is most effective in maintaining the transpiration rate of Sedum lineare Thunb,compares Sedum lineare Thunb without water retention layer that stomatal conductance increases value by 49%.Water retention layer has the best effect on increasing AET on Ajuga ciliata Bunge green roof with an increase of 1.1 mm/d in AET.Therefore,it is concluded that this study can provide basic data support and reference for green roof vegetation selection and water retention layer setting in areas with distinct drought and flood seasons.

关 键 词：蒸散发 蓄水层 植被类型 含水量 拓展型绿色屋顶 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]