广东东莞松木山水库浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Community structure and relationship with environmental factors of phytoplankton in Songmushan Reservoir in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province

作　　者：王亚坤 汪洋 裴瑞华 吴鹏举 黄娜 李一帆 袁晨 刘其根[1,2] 胡忠军[1,2] WANG Yakun;WANG Yang;PEI Ruihua;WU Pengju;HUANG Na;LI Yifan;YUAN Chen;LIU Qigen;HU Zhongjun(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Dongguan Ecological Environmental Protection Research Institute Company Limited, Dongguan 523000, China;Water Engineering Construction and Operation Center of Dongguan Songshan Lake Hi-Tec Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan 523000, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [3]东莞市生态环保研究院有限公司,广东东莞523000 [4]东莞松山湖高新技术产业开发区水务工程建设运营中心,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2022年第1期129-139,共11页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900504,2019YFD0900605)。

摘　　要：为了解松木山水库浮游植物现状及其富营养化程度,于2019年4—12月按季度在该水库设置7个位点,对浮游植物群落结构包括物种组成、现存量和多样性及其时空分布进行了调查研究。结果表明:在松木山水库共鉴定出浮游植物134种(属),以绿藻门Chlarophyta居多,占总物种数的51.49%;全年有12个优势种,90%的优势种为蓝藻门Cyanophyta物种,假鱼腥藻、隐球藻和拉氏拟柱胞藻的优势度位居前三;浮游植物物种组成在库区间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但季节间有差异且可划分为2种群落类型,即春夏秋季聚为一类,冬季单独为一类,主要分歧种包括拉氏拟柱胞藻、微小平裂藻、隐杆藻和水华束丝藻等藻类;浮游植物年平均丰度和生物量分别为(15.09±10.75)×107 cells/L和(19.65±12.74)mg/L,均以蓝藻为主,分别占85.17%和50.66%;丰度和生物量在季节和库区间均存在显著性差异且存在显著交互作用(P<0.05),Margalef丰富度指数仅存在显著的空间差异(P<0.05),Pielou均匀度指数和Shannon多样性指数在季节和空间上均无显著性差异(P>0.05);浮游植物丰度和生物量与水温呈显著正相关(P<0.05),前者与总氮呈显著负相关(P<0.05);水温、pH、氨氮和总氮是影响松木山水库浮游植物时空分布的主要环境因子。研究表明,综合营养状态指数和丰富度指数显示,松木山水库已处于中度富营养或中污染状态。In order to understand the status of phytoplankton and eutrophication level in Songmushan Reservoir(113°53′15″E,22°53′47″N)in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province,the phytoplankton community structural characteristics including species composition,standing crop and diversity and their spatial and temporal profile were investigated in the phytoplankton samples collected at 7 sites in April(spring),July(summer),September(autumn)and December(winter)of 2019.Totally,134 phytoplankton species(genera)were identified in this reservoir,with 51.49%of members in Chlorophyta.There were 12 dominant species,majority belonging to Cyanophyta(90%)and Pseudoanabaena sp.,Aphanocapsa sp.,and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii being ranked among the top three in terms of dominance index.There was significant difference in species composition among seasons,without significant difference in species composition between reservoir areas,with one cluster of spring,summer and autumn phytoplankton samples and another cluster of winter samples.They were separated by indicator species like C.raciborskii,Merismopedia tenuissima,Aphanocapsa sp.,and Aphanizomenon flosaquae.The mean abundance of the whole phytoplankton community was shown to be(15.09±10.75)×10^(7) cells/L,and 85.17%contributed by Cyanophyta,with the average biomass of(19.65±12.74)mg/L,50.66%contributed by the above phylum.They both differed significantly between seasons and among reservoir areas,and significant season×area effects were found(P<0.05).There was only significant spatial difference in Margalef species richness(P<0.05),without spatial and temporal differences in both Pielou evenness and Shannon's species diversity(P>0.05).The density and biomass of phytoplankton were both found to be positively and significantly correlated with water temperature(P<0.05),and the density to be negatively and significantly correlated with total nitrogen(P<0.05).The water temperature,pH value,and concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were of the main environmental

关 键 词：松木山水库 浮游植物 水质评价 环境因子 RDA分析 

分 类 号：S932.7[农业科学—渔业资源]