电弧中金属蒸气与GMAW熔滴过渡形态的关系  

Relationship Between Metal Vapor in Arc and Droplet Transfer Mode in GMAW

作　　者：孙咸[1] SUN Xian(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2022年第2期197-206,共10页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51972221);山西省基础研究计划资助项目(20210302124604);山西省重点研发计划(国际合作)资助项目(201903D421087);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(HGKY2019027;2020-051)。

摘　　要：综述了电弧中金属蒸气与GMAW熔滴过渡形态的关系。结果表明,在大电流和相应焊接参数及不同保护气体中焊接时,电弧等离子体中心蒸气的电导率不同,致使电导通路部位各异,最终促成了不同的(射流、射滴和滴状)熔滴过渡形态。金属蒸气降低了电弧等离子体中心的电导率,使电弧中电导通路扩展,作用在熔滴上的主导力方向有利熔滴过渡,完全满足了熔滴喷射过渡形成条件。保护气体类型、电弧温度以及焊丝成分对金属蒸气的影响,主要取决于其对电弧等离子体电导率变化的影响。通过控制金属蒸气的电导率来调节熔滴过渡,实现纯CO;保护气体时的喷射过渡现象,尚需进一步研究其中的关键技术。The relationship between metal vapor in arc and droplet transfer mode in GMAW was reviewed.The results show that when welding with high current and corresponding welding parameters and different shielding gases, the conductivity of the vapor in arc plasma center is different, resulting in different positions of current path, and finally leading to different(streaming, projected, and droplet) droplet transfer modes.The metal vapor reduces the electrical conductivity at the center of arc plasma, expands the current path in the arc, and the direction of the dominant force acting on droplet facilitates droplet transfer, which fully meets the formation conditions of droplet spray transfer. The effects of shielding gas type, arc temperature, and welding wire composition on metal vapor mainly depend on their effects on the electrical conductivity change of arc plasma. It is possible to regulate the droplet transfer phenomenon by controlling the conductivity of metal vapor to realize the spray transfer of pure CO;shielding gas. Further research is needed on the key technologies.

关 键 词：金属蒸气 熔滴过渡 电弧等离子体 电导率 导电通路 

分 类 号：TG444.72[金属学及工艺—焊接]