RCEP等国际经贸协定下的专利申请新颖性宽限期研究  

Analysis on Grace Period for Patent Application Related to Novelty under RCEP and other International Economic and Trade Agreements

作　　者：张乃根[1,2,3] Zhang Naigen

机构地区：[1]复旦大学 [2]复旦大学知识产权研究中心 [3]中国国际法学会

出　　处：《知识产权》2022年第2期3-16,共14页Intellectual Property

摘　　要：专利申请新颖性宽限期源于美国发明在先制,并在改为申请在先制后继续实施。如今其已通过对我国已生效或申请加入的国际经贸协定,成为任择性或强制性条约义务下的一项专利制度。这是自《巴黎公约》规定展览例外宽限期以来,有关专利申请新颖性宽限期的专利协调运动的新发展,具有重大的国际法和国内法意义。这一不同于展览例外的宽限期旨在促使发明人在一定期限内,通过测试发明产品的市场效益来决定是否申请专利,并禁止超出宽限期的专利申请权,具有注重专利经济实效的特点。对于在国内实施这一宽限期,我国已负有选择性条约义务,并且今后可能负有强制性义务。我们应未雨绸缪深入研究,吸取其他国家经验,提出符合我国需求的可操作的制度设计。The grace period for patent application regarding the novelty was originated from the United States under its patent law for the first-to-invent, and is now continued after changing to the first-to-file, which becomes the patent system under the international economic and trade agreements with the optional obligation for China’s accessed one or the mandatory obligation for future to join. It is the new development of patent harmonization movement in respect of the grace period for patent application related to the novelty since the Paris Convention’s grace period for exception of the official exhibition, which is very significant for both international and domestic laws. In difference from the exception of exhibition, this grace period for patent application aims to promote the inventor to test the market values of invention within the limited time so as to file the patent application or not while prohibiting the right of application beyond the grace period, which is of character focused on the economic results of patent. While being on the way from the leading country with patents to be the great one, China has the optional obligation to enforce this system of grace period and will be obligated to do mandatorily in the future. Thus, it is necessary to take the further study accordingly and to learn from other countries in order to design the operable system in considering China’s needs.

关 键 词：国际经贸协定 专利申请 新颖性 宽限期 专利协调运动 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学] D996.1[政治法律—法学]