女性工作权的社会化保障研究——以构建“生育友好型社会”为目标  

Research on the Socialization Guarantee of Women s Right to Work--Aim for Building the“Childbirth-Friendly Society”

作　　者：王宇欣 韩桂君 Wang Yuxin;Han Guijun(School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《山东工会论坛》2022年第2期87-99,共13页Shandong Trade Unions＇ Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“以核心范畴为逻辑起点的社会法学基础理论研究”(项目编号:21AFX022)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：生育会加重女性在职场中的受歧视程度以及在家庭劳动中的被剥削程度,而家庭无酬劳动的增加又会反向影响女性在有酬工作市场中的表现。“生育友好型社会”指女性不会因生育遭受歧视或者加重劳动负担,并有便利女性携婴出行的配套公共设施之社会结构状态。唯有破除“职家”二元划分结构,承认女性在孕育方面的付出具有价值,将家庭劳动纳入工作权的规制范畴并与职场劳动同等对待,才能更好地保障女性权益。应建立对女性因生育而增加的成本进行分摊的社会机制,从尊重自由选择权、保护平等工作权与实现就业保障权三方面出发,完善税收优惠、生育保险制度,增设“父育假”,提供政府购买家政服务及加强保育配套设施建设等,政府、企业、家庭分工合作,达成构建“生育友好型社会”的美好愿景。Childbirth increases women s discrimination in the workplace and exploitation in family work,while the increase in unpaid family work can adversely affect women s performance in the paid work market.The“childbirth-friendly society”is a state of social structure where women are not discriminated against or burdened by childbirth and where there are public facilities to facilitate women s travel with their babies.The only way to better protect women s rights and interests is to break the“work-family”dichotomy,recognize the social value of women s contribution to pregnancy and childbirth,and include family work in the regulation of the right to work and treat it the same as workplace work.A social mechanism should be established to share the increased cost of childbirth for women by respecting the right to free choice,protecting the right to equal work and realizing the right to employment security,improving tax incentives and the system of maternity insurance,adding“paternity leave”,providing government purchase of domestic services and strengthering the construction of childcare facilities.The government,enterprises and families will work together to achieve the vision of building the“childbirth-friendly society”.

关 键 词：生育友好型社会 职家冲突 无酬劳动 工作权 社会分摊机制 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学]