胚胎绒毛细胞培养及核型分析在自然流产病因检测中的应用  

Application of embryonic villus cell culture and karyotype analysis in the detection of the cause of spontaneous abortion

作　　者：冯王富 张春玲 赖宾霞 谢文光 曾研章 何晓颜 陈文锋 FENG Wang-fu;ZHANG Chun-ling;LAI Bin-xia;XIE Wen-guang;ZENG Yan-zhang;HE Xiao-yan;CHEN Wen-feng(Department of Laboratory,Yangjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Yangjiang 529500,Guangdong,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]阳江市妇幼保健院检验科,广东阳江529500

出　　处：《海南医学》2022年第5期585-587,共3页Hainan Medical Journal

基　　金：广东省阳江市医疗卫生类科技计划项目(编号:SF2020093)。

摘　　要：目的研究胚胎绒毛细胞培养及其核型分析在自然流产病因检测中的应用效果。方法选取2018年5月至2021年5月间阳江市妇幼保健院73例自然流产孕妇的绒毛细胞组织进行改良式长期培养与传代培养,在培养成功后将绒毛细胞进行染色体制备并进行核型检测,分析染色体核型检测结果和核型分布情况。结果本研究培养的73份样本中,原代培养共培养成功胚胎绒毛细胞65例,培养过程中出现8例污染未贴壁生长;但借助传代培养和备用培养基进行再次培养成功4例,4例培养失败,成功率为94.52%。69例细胞样本中检出染色体异常核型45例,占所有样本的65.21%;正常核型24例,占所有样本的34.78%。其中,常染色体三体共14例,占异常核型的31.11%;性染色体单体共9例,占异常核型的20.00%;双重三体共3例,占异常核型的6.67%;多倍体共10例,占异常核型的22.22%;嵌合体共5例,占异常核型的11.11%;结构异常共4例,占异常核型的8.89%。结论胚胎染色体异常是目前自然流产的主要病因之一,临床产科实践当中可以合理利用胚胎绒毛细胞染色体检查以有效判断自然流产病因,以便在合理的妊娠指导下达到优生优育的目的。Objective To study the application effect of embryonic villus cell culture and its karyotype analysis in the detection of the cause of spontaneous abortion.Methods The chorionic tissues of 73 pregnant women with spontaneous abortion in Yangjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were selected for modified long-term culture and subculture.After successful culture,the villi cells were prepared for chromosome preparation and karyotype detection,and the results of chromosome karyotype detection and karyotype distribution were analyzed.Results Among the 73 samples cultured in this study,65 cases of embryonic villi cells were successfully co-cultured in primary culture,and 8 cases of contaminated non-adherent growth occurred during the culture process.However,4 of the 8 cases were successfully re-cultured with the help of subculture and backup medium,and 4 cases failed,with the success rate of 94.52%.Among 69 cell samples,45 cases of abnormal chromosomal karyotype were detected,accounting for 65.21% of all samples.There were 24 cases of normal karyotype,accounting for 34.78% of all samples.Among them,there were 14 cases of autosomal trisomy(accounting for 31.11% of abnormal karyotypes),9 cases of sex chromosome monosomy(accounting for 20.00% of abnormal karyotypes),3 cases of double trisomy(accounting for 6.67% of abnormal karyotypes);there are 10 cases of polyploidy,accounting for 22.22% of abnormal karyotypes;5 cases of mosaicism,accounting for 11.11% of abnormal karyotypes;4 cases of structural abnormalities,accounting for 8.89% of abnormal karyotypes.Conclusion Embryo chromosomal abnormality is one of the main causes of spontaneous abortion at present.In clinical obstetric practice,embryonic villi cell chromosome examination can be used to effectively determine the cause of spontaneous abortion,so as to achieve the purpose of eugenics and childbirth under reasonable pregnancy guidance.

关 键 词：自然流产 绒毛细胞 染色体 核型分析 优生优育 

分 类 号：R714.21[医药卫生—妇产科学]