某石化企业导热油变质结垢原因分析  

Analysis on the Causes of Deterioration and Scaling of Heat Transfer Oil in a Petrochemical Enterprise

作　　者：覃楚东 贺石中 李秋秋 赵畅畅 QIN Chudong;HE Shizhong;LI Qiuqiu;ZHAO Changchang(Equipment Lubrication and Testing Research Institute,Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510530,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Industrial Friction and Lubrication Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510530,China)

机构地区：[1]广州机械科学研究院有限公司设备润滑与检测研究所,广东广州510530 [2]工业摩擦润滑技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,广东广州510530

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2022年第3期157-162,共6页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212070022);国机集团重大科技专项(SINOMAST-ZDZX-2017-01-05)。

摘　　要：某石化企业的导热油系统在短时间内出现油品发黑和生成大量结垢的情况,影响整个加热系统的正常使用。通过对油液进行理化指标、污染指标、磨损指标检测,获取导热油的性能和状态信息,通过对导热油中的结垢颗粒进行X射线荧光光谱分析、X射线衍射分析、电镜能谱分析,获取结垢的成分信息。根据检测结果和故障背景综合分析,指出导热油异常变黑的原因为油中存在较多的结垢颗粒,而结垢颗粒是由导热油的高温劣化和碳化产物、钢质部件的腐蚀产物,以及外界污染物的反应产物等共同构成,其主要成分为积碳。导热油的工作温度过高是造成系统内短时间产生大量积碳颗粒的原因,另外导热油系统中侵入了Cl、S等腐蚀性元素,造成了导热油系统中钢质部件的腐蚀,在积碳颗粒中聚集产生Fe的氧化物。The heat transfer oil system of a petrochemical company occurs oil blackening and a large amount of scaling in a short period of time,which affects the normal use of the entire heating system.Through the test of physical and chemical indexes,pollution indexes and wear indicators of the heat transfer oil,the performance and state information of the heat transfer oil were obtained.The composition information of the scaling was obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction analysis,and scanning electron microscope and energy spectrometer analysis.According to the comprehensive analysis of the testing results and the fault background,the reason for the abnormal blackening of the heat transfer oil is that there are lots of scale particles in the heat transfer oil.Scaling particles are composed of high-temperature degradation and carbonization products of heat transfer oil,corrosion products of steel components,and reaction products of external pollutants.The main component of scaling particle is carbon deposition.The excessively high working temperature of the heat transfer oil is the cause of a large number of carbon deposits in the system in a short time.In addition,the intrusion of corrosive elements such as Cl and S into the heat transfer oil system causes corrosion of the steel parts,and Fe oxides accumulate in the carbon particles.

关 键 词：导热油 发黑 结垢 油液分析 成分分析 故障诊断 

分 类 号：U473.6[机械工程—车辆工程]