循环交变载荷斜齿轮磨损特征与机制分析  

Wear Characteristics and Mechanism Analysis of Helical Gear under Cyclic Alternating Load

作　　者：李浩 郭前建[1] 张立国 丛建臣 王昊天 吕学祜 袁伟 LI Hao;GUO Qianjian;ZHANG Liguo;CONG Jianchen;WANG Haotian;LYU Xuehu;YUAN Wei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo Shandong 255049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《机床与液压》2022年第5期114-118,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GGX104081;2019GGX104033);国家自然科学基金项目(51805299);淄博市校城融合项目(2018ZBXC265);山东省教育厅青创人才引育计划项目。

摘　　要：为探究大型齿轮传动在循环交变载荷作用下的磨损特征与机制,降低齿轮传动系统受非稳定载荷工况影响的故障率,对不同载荷下齿轮磨损特征与运行状态进行分析。从齿轮磨损量、齿面磨损形貌分析、油液分析、磨粒分析4个方面进行磨损机制研究。利用力闭合与弹簧振子系统装置,施加恒定载荷和交变载荷;利用颗粒计数器、分析式铁谱仪和扫描电子显微镜观测油样磨粒和齿轮齿面损伤形貌,以揭示不同载荷的齿轮磨损演化机制。结果表明:不同位置齿面的磨损程度和磨损机制不同,分度圆处磨损较轻,多为接触疲劳磨损;齿顶和齿根处磨损较严重,多为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,其中齿根处磨损最严重;交变载荷作用下,齿面受到的冲击和振动比恒定载荷作用下更严重,齿面材料发生塑性流动和大面积剥落。In order to explore the wear characteristics and mechanism of large gear transmission under cyclic alternating loads and reduce the failure rate of the gear transmission system under the influence of unstable load conditions,the wear characteristics and oper⁃ation state of the gear under different loads were analyzed.The wear mechanism of gear was studied from four aspects of wear amount,wear profile analysis of tooth surface,oil analysis and abrasive particle analysis.By using the force closure and spring vibration subsys⁃tem device,constant and alternating loads were applied;particle counter,analytical ferrospectrometer and scanning electron micro⁃scope were used to observe the oil sample abrasive particles and damage morphology of gear tooth surface to reveal the evolution mecha⁃nism of gear wear under different loads.The results show that the wear degree and wear mechanism of the tooth surface at different posi⁃tions are different,and the wear at the dividing circle is light,mainly is contact fatigue wear;the wear at the tooth tip and the tooth root is more serious,mostly abrasive wear and abhesive wear,and the wear phenomenon at the tooth root is the most serious;the im⁃pact and vibration of the tooth surface under alternating load is more serious than that under constant load,which causes plastic flow and large area spalling of the tooth surface material.

关 键 词：斜齿轮 循环交变载荷 磨粒分析 磨损机制 

分 类 号：TH132.412[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]