马克思与马克思主义哲学认识论的反映论——马克思主义创新哲学初探  

Marx and the Reflection Theory of Marxist Philosophical Epistemology: On Marxist Innovative Philosophy

作　　者：安启念[1] AN Qi-nian(School of Philosophy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学学院,北京100872

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期1-10,共10页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：反映论是唯物主义世界观的体现,能动的反映论是马克思主义哲学认识论的本质特征。在反映论中,从感性认识上升到理性认识,也即从认识事物的现象深入到对事物本质的认识,是一个重要且十分困难的问题。因为事物的本质与相互联系是人的感觉器官无法感知的,从感性认识上升到理性认识必须依靠思维的创造。随着科学技术的发展与社会生活日益复杂,感性认识与事物本质之间的鸿沟越来越大,科学认识越来越依赖思维创造。在这个情况下如何坚持唯物主义反映论原则成为重大理论问题。马克思的新唯物主义把实践概念引入世界观,实践是人的自由自觉的活动,内含着对人的思维创造作用的高度肯定,又通过把实践检验作为真理标准而与唯物主义基本原则保持一致。马克思合理解决了思维创造作用与唯物主义的统一问题,为科学的系统的马克思主义哲学反映论奠定了基础。同时,马克思的新唯物主义世界观,他的认识论思想,解决了为什么需要创新、创新何以可能、如何创新以及怎样把理论创新与唯物主义原则统一起来的一系列重大问题,为我们勾勒出马克思主义创新哲学的基本框架。今天,创新成为新发展理念中最重要的问题,深入研究马克思的新世界观和认识论思想,对于创建马克思主义创新哲学具有重要意义。The Reflection Theory is the embodiment of materialist world outlook, and the dynamic theory of reflection is the essential feature of Marxist philosophical epistemology.In the Reflection Theory is an important and very difficult problem to rise from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge, that is, from understanding the phenomenon of things to understanding the essence of things.Because the essence and interrelation of things cannot be perceived by human sensory organs, the rise from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge must rely on the creation of thinking. With the development of science and technology and the increasing complexity of social life, the gap between perceptual knowledge and the essence of things is becoming larger and larger, and scientific knowledge depends more and more on creation of thinking. In this case, how to adhere to the principle of materialist reflection theory has become a major theoretical problem. Marx’s new materialism introduces the concept of practice into the world outlook. Practice is a free and conscious activity of human beings, which contains a high affirmation of the creative role of human thinking, and is consistent with the basic principles of materialism by taking the test of practice as the standard of truth. Marx reasonably solved the problem of the unity of the creative role of thinking and materialism, and laid the foundation for the scientific and systematic reflection theory of Marxist philosophy. At the same time, Marx’s new materialist world outlook and his epistemological thought have solved a series of major problems, such as why innovation is needed, how innovation is possible, how to innovate and how to unify theoretical innovation with materialist principles, which outlined the basic framework of Marxist innovation philosophy for us.Today, innovation has become the most important issue in the new development concept.An in-depth study of Marx’s new world outlook and epistemology is of great significance to the establishment of Marxist innovat

关 键 词：反映论 思维的创造性 马克思主义创新理论 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B0-0