智能机器人民事主体地位辨析——机器人与自然人人格构成要素之对比分析  

On the Legal Status of the Intelligent Robot in Civil Law: A Comparative Analysis of Constitutive Elements of Personality Between Human Being and Intelligent Robot

作　　者：安晖[1] 袁蓥 AN Hui;YUAN Ying(School of Sociology and Law,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学社会学与法学学院,太原030031

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期106-112,共7页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2020YJ079);中国博士后科学基金(2016M601959)。

摘　　要：智能机器人是否具备民事主体资格可以通过与自然人人格构成要素的对比进行分析。就生物要素以及心理要素中的认知功能而言,它们虽是自然人通过遗传获得的一种内嵌于生物体的操作程序,但是它们作为特定的算法,智能机器人可以通过计算等级性予以实现。就心理要素中的自我反思能力以及社会要素的社会角色形成而言,智能机器人因为目前缺乏自指算法以及跨领域的学习能力,而不具备表征自我和他人的功能,因此智能机器人尚不具有民事主体资格,同时智能机器人的出现为我们反思人格的核心要素提供了新的契机。There are different ideas about whether the intelligent robot can be regarded as a civil subject. We aim to conduct a comparative analysis of constitutive elements of personality between human being and intelligent robot. As far as biological mechanisms and cognitive functions are concerned, they can be multiply realized by intelligent robot because they are some sort of algorithm with computational equivalence.However, intelligent robot nowadays does not have self-reference procedure and can not learn across different domains, which means it can not represent itself and others, so intelligent robot can not be civil subject. Meanwhile, the appearance of intelligent robot provides us with a new opportunity to reflect what is the most basic constitute of personality.

关 键 词：智能机器人 民事主体 人格 算法 计算等价性 

分 类 号：D923.1[政治法律—民商法学]