烟草青枯病菌对4种杀菌剂的敏感性及复配药剂联合毒力评价  

Sensitivity of Ralstonia solanacearum to four fungicides and synergistic toxicity of combinatory fungicides

作　　者：牟文君[1] 马晓静 胡利伟[1] 郭建华[1] 薛超群[1] 奚家勤[1] 宋纪真[1] MU Wenjun;MA Xiaojing;HU Liwei;GUO Jianhua;XUE Chaoqun;XI Jiaqin;SONG Jizhen(Key Laboratory of Eco-environment and Leaf Tobacco Quality,Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院烟草行业生态环境与烟叶质量重点实验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《烟草科技》2022年第3期16-24,共9页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“青枯病菌对氟啶胺的抗性机制研究”(31801770);上海烟草集团有限责任公司科技项目“基于烟草青枯病菌定量检测的试纸条研究与应用”(D2019052)。

摘　　要：为筛选出对烟草青枯病菌具有抑制作用的高效药剂,以链霉素为对照,采用生长曲线测定仪检测了烟草青枯病菌对氟啶胺、双苯菌胺、噻霉酮和春雷霉素的敏感性,并利用Wadley方法对氟啶胺与纳米硫、纳米铜、纳米银的9种复配比例进行联合毒力评价。结果表明,双苯菌胺和氟啶胺对烟草青枯病菌的平均EC_(50)分别为0.037 8μg/mL和0.305 0μg/mL,EC_(50)分布范围分别为0.018 7~0.053 4μg/mL和0.147 1~0.890 4μg/mL,链霉素、噻霉酮和春雷霉素对烟草青枯病菌的平均EC_(50)分别为0.546 3μg/mL、2.429 9μg/mL和9.927 3μg/mL,说明杀真菌药剂氟啶胺、双苯菌胺可有效抑制青枯病菌生长,且抑菌效果优于链霉素等药剂。5种药剂对烟草青枯病菌的敏感基线均呈正态分布,为连续的单峰曲线,可用于田间烟草青枯病菌抗性菌株监测。氟啶胺与纳米农药按不同比例复配后的EC_(50)均小于纳米农药单剂的EC_(50)。当氟啶胺与纳米硫按体积比1∶40复配时具有增效作用,增效系数为1.60;氟啶胺与纳米铜按体积比80∶1复配时,相加作用最为明显(EC_(50)=0.142 2μg/mL);氟啶胺与纳米银的复配比例(体积比)为1∶20时,增效系数最高达1.41,具有相加作用。To screen the effective fungicides inhibiting tobacco bacterial wilt, streptomycin was used as the control agent, and the sensitivities of Ralstonia solanacearum to fungicides fluazinam,SYP-14288, benziothiazolinone and kasugamycin were determined by Bioscreen C growth curve tester. The synergistic interactions between fluazinam and nano sulfur, nano copper, nano silver at nine combination ratios were tested respectively by the Wadley method. The results showed that the average EC_(50)values of SYP-14288 and fluazinam against R. solanacearum were 0.037 8 and 0.305 0 μg/mL, the distribution ranges of EC_(50)were 0.018 7-0.053 4 μg/mL and 0.147 1-0.890 4 μg/mL respectively. The average EC_(50)values of streptomycin, benziothiazolinone and kasugamycin against R. solanacearum were0.546 3, 2.429 9 and 9.927 3 μg/mL, indicating that fluazinam and SYP-14288 could effectively inhibit the growth of R. solanacearum, and their control effects were better than that of streptomycin.The sensitivity baselines of R. solanacearum to the five fungicides all obeyed normal distribution with continuous single peak curves, which could be used for monitoring the strains resistant to R.solanacearum in tobacco fields. The EC_(50)of the combined fluazinam and nano fungicides at different ratios were all lower than that of single nano fungicide. The combination of fluazinam and nano sulfur at a volume ratio of 1 ∶ 40 had a synergistic coefficient of 1.60. The additive effect was the most obvious when fluazinam and nano copper were mixed at the ratio of 80 ∶ 1(EC_(50)=0.142 2 μg/mL). There was an additive effect by mixing fluazinam and nano silver at 1∶20, and the synergistic coefficient was 1.41.

关 键 词：烟草青枯病 氟啶胺 纳米农药 化学防治 敏感性 复配 

分 类 号：S48[农业科学—农药学]