春小麦田杂草发生规律与防治阈期研究  

Study on the occurrence regularity and control threshold period of weed in spring wheat field

作　　者：邓海艳 郭良芝 翁华 魏有海 DENG Haiyan;GUO Liangzhi;WENG Hua;WEI Youhai(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest of Xining,Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,农林科学院农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2022年第1期33-40,共8页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0303);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD020040511);公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303022);青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y11,2021-ZJ-Y08)。

摘　　要：为探明不同耕作措施下青海省春小麦田杂草发生规律及防除关键期,本试验以阿勃春小麦为供试材料,设置正常条播、沟播、浅旋沟播与免耕4种耕作措施,研究不同耕作措施下春小麦田杂草发生情况及杂草防除时期对春小麦产量的影响。结果表明:4种耕作措施下,杂草均在5月下旬达到出苗最高峰,6月下旬出苗结束,且对春小麦田杂草发生密度和发生量的影响表现为正常条播>免耕>浅旋沟播>沟播。进一步研究发现,沟播措施2叶期除草,春小麦每公顷产量(3348.75±2.38)kg最大,播种后2~4叶期除草,较其他时期有利于春小麦分蘖数、穗长、株高及千粒重的增加。研究结果得出,沟播抑草效果最好,且在春小麦2~4叶期除草有利于其增产增收。Arbo spring wheat is taken as the test material in this paper in order to find out the occurrence regularity of weed and key period of weed control in spring wheat field of Qinghai under different tillage measures.A total of four tillage measures are set up,including normal drill sowing,ditch sowing,shallow rotary ditch sowing and no-tillage to study the occurrence of weed in spring wheat field under different tillage measures and the effects of weed control period on spring wheat yield.The results show that the emergence of weed reaches the peak in late May and ends in late June under four tillage measures.The effects on the occurrence density and amount of weed in spring wheat field are normal drill sowing>no-tillage>shallow rotary ditch sowing>ditch sowing.It is further found that the yield per hectare of spring wheat is the largest(3348.75±2.38)kg after weeding at2 leaf stage under ditch sowing.Compared with other stages,weeding at 2~4 leaf stage after sowing is beneficial to the increase of tiller number,ear length,plant height and 1000 grain weight.The results show that ditch sowing has the best effect on weed control,and weeding at 2~4 leaf stage of spring wheat is beneficial to its yield and income.

关 键 词：春小麦 耕作措施 杂草 防除关键期 抑草效果 发生规律 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]