砂仁‘湛砂11’苗期光合与叶绿素荧光特征  

Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics at Seed-ling Stage of Amomum villosum Lour‘Zhansha11’

作　　者：赵美婷 魏滢 安东升[1] 李文秀 罗萍[1] 张华林[1] 贺军军[1,3] ZHAO Meiting;WEI Ying;AN Dongsheng;LI Wenxiu;LUO Ping;ZHANG Hualin;HE Junjun(Zhanjiang Experimental Station,China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Dry Farming Water-saving Ag�ricultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524013,China;College of Tropical Crops,YunnanAgricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665099,China;South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,China Academy of TropicalAgricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站/广东省旱作节水农业工程技术中心,广东湛江524013 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665099 [3]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第3期565-571,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划(No.2020B020221001);2019年度广东省农村科技特派员下乡发现问题凝炼科技助农项目“春砂仁规范化种植技术示范推广”。

摘　　要：砂仁是姜科豆蔻属多年生草本植物,喜荫湿环境,光照是其生长发育的重要影响因子。为了解砂仁种质材料的光合特性,更好地对砂仁种质资源进行保护和利用。以‘湛砂11’的幼苗为材料,农家栽培种‘热科1’和‘热科2’为对照,使用SPAD-502Plus叶绿素仪、3051D光合仪和WALZ MINI-PAM-Ⅱ叶绿素仪,分别测定叶片的叶绿素含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(P_(n))、电子传递速率(ETR)和光合有效量子产量(Y2)等参数,分析‘湛砂11’的光合特征和环境适应性。结果表明:‘湛砂11’叶片SPAD值为44,比‘热科1’高12.47%、比‘热科2’低18.59%;叶片净光合速率(P_(n))为12.19µmol/(m^(2)·s),分别是‘热科1’和‘热科2’的1.63倍和5.11倍,极显著高于对照,蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))和水分利用效率(WUE)显著高于‘热科2’。光合有效辐射在10~1082µmol/(m^(2)·s)条件下,叶片电子传递速率(ETR)随光合有效辐射的增强而上升,‘湛砂11’的ETR比‘热科1’和‘热科2’的高,说明‘湛砂11’的PSII具有强的光电子传递能力。因此,‘湛砂11’具有较好的光合特性,将光能转化为电子流的能力和潜在光合能力较强,且具有较广的光辐射范围,适宜荫蔽度较低的生长环境。Amomum villosum Lour is a perennial herbaceous plant of Cardamom genus of Zingiberaceae.The ripe and full fruit of Amomum amomum Lour is one of the four southern medicines in China,which has the effects of warming the spleen,invigorating the stomach,regulating qi and calming the fetus,etc.,with extremely high medicinal and economic value.Amomum villosum Lour is adapted to grow in a shady and humid environment,and light is an important factor affecting growth and development of Amomum villosum Lour.Therefore,we should be familiar with the photosynthetic characteristics of Amomum villosum Lour to better protect and utilize germplasm resources.In this paper,using SPAD-502 PLUS chlorophyll meter,3051D photosynthetic meter and WALZ MINI-PAM-Ⅱchlorophyll fluorescence meter,the seed-lings of‘Zhansha 11’were used as materials to determine the parameters such as chlorophyll content(SPAD),net photo-synthetic rate(P_(n)),electron transfer rate(ETR)and photosynthetic available quantum yield(Y2),the farmyard cultivation species‘Reke 1’and‘Reke 2’as the control,analysis of photosynthetic characteristics and environmental adaptability of‘Zhansha 11’.The results showed that the leaf SPAD value of‘Zhansha 11’was 44,which was between the two controls,12.47%higher than that of‘Reke 1’and 18.59%lower than that of‘Reke 2’;The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))of‘Zhansha 11’was 12.19µmol/(m^(2)·s),which was 1.63 times and 5.11 times higher than that of‘Reke 1’and‘Reke 2’,and was significantly higher than that of the controls;Transpiration rate(T_(r))and stomatal conductance(G_(s))of‘Zhansha 11’were sig-nificantly higher than‘Reke 2’.Electron transfer rate increased with the increase of photosynthetical active radiation at 10-1082µmol/(m^(2)·s),and the electron transfer rate of‘Zhansha 11’was higher than that of‘Reke 1’and‘Reke 2’,indi-cates that the photosynthetic system II of‘Zhansha 11’has high photoelectron transfer capability.In conclusion,‘Zhansha 11’has optima

关 键 词：砂仁 湛砂11 光合特征 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]