基础设施与都市发展--“一带一路”背景下格鲁吉亚城市的现状与未来  

Infrastructure and Urban Development:The Status Quo and Future of Georgian Cities under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative

作　　者：蔡晓磊 薛求理[1,2]  马瑞衢 Cai Xiaolei;Xue Qiuli;Lara Celine Jaillon;Ma Ruiqu

机构地区：[1]香港城市大学建筑与土木工程学系 [2]香港城市大学深圳研究院 [3]云南大学建筑与规划学院

出　　处：《城市建筑》2022年第1期42-48,共7页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878584);香港城市大学策略研究基金(7005135,7005247)。

摘　　要：格鲁吉亚优越的水陆地理条件使得它成为重要的东西方交流中转站,交通基础设施的发展给这个国家的都市带来了投资与发展机会。但目前已有的关于其交通与城市发展的研究大多停留在苏联时期的构筑物上,缺乏对于当代发展的更新研究,因此本研究对该地区的交通与城市发展展开了初步研究,以期提供进一步讨论的思路。作者基于经典的TMG交通与城市关系发展模型,结合格鲁吉亚发展背景,提出了格鲁吉亚四阶段发展理论。结合案例分析的方法,探究了2个受“一带一路”影响的格鲁吉亚城市及相关重大交通基础设施项目——阿那克利亚港口城与阿那克利亚深海港、第比利斯城与巴库—第比利斯—卡斯铁路线。从宏观到微观进行批判性分析,包含对交通基础设施建设本身和都市尺度及建筑尺度分析。研究发现,在城市层面上,交通基础设施可以从根本上影响城市发展策略与格局;在建筑层面上,国际投资建设可能会提升本地建筑质量,但也可能会带走本土建筑文化;在“一带一路”倡议上,促进共同发展的主要目标给发展中国家带来了巨大的交通与城市发展机会。本研究旨在于“一带一路”倡议的初期提供基础性研究与反思,并且期望对高加索地区的交通基础设施与都市发展研究有所贡献。The superior land and sea transport advantages make Georgia a strategic transit hub for the communication between east and west.The development of transport infrastructure brings investment and development opportunities for the cities in the country.The past and current research on transport and urban development in Georgia focuses mostly on the buildings built in Soviet Union,and lack the discussions on its contemporary development.Therefore,this paper conducts a preliminary study on the transportation and urban development in this area,in order to provide ideas for further discussion.First,this paper draws inspiration from the classic TMG transport and urban development model,with consideration of the Georgia context,to propose a 4-phase development model.Combined with the method of case analysis,it explored two Georgian cities and related major transportation infrastructure projects affected by the Belt and Road Initiative-Anaklia Port City and Anaklia Deep Sea Port,Tbilisi City and Baku-Tbilisi-Kas railway line.Critical analysis from the macro to the micro,including the analysis of the transportation infrastructure itself,the urban scale,and the architectural scale,is conducted.The study finds that at the city level,transportation infrastructure can fundamentally affect urban development strategies and patterns.At the architectural level,international investment in construction may improve the quality of local buildings,but may also take away local architectural culture.In the Belt and Road Initiative,the main goal of promoting common development has brought huge opportunities for transportation and urban development to developing countries.The research aims to provide basic research and reflection in the early stage of the Belt and Road Initiative,and is expected to contribute to the study on transportation infrastructure and urban development in the Greater Caucasus.

关 键 词：交通基础设施 都市发展 格鲁吉亚 中国 一带一路 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济]