黑襟毛瓢虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食作用  

Predation of Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae(Linnaeus)by Scymnus(Neopullus)hoffmanni Weise

作　　者：文扬 杨良波 桑海东 魏松 徐金星 唐记平 郑兴汶 王建国[1] WEN Yang;YANG Ling-Bo;SANG Hai-Dong;WEI Song;XU Jing-Xing;TANG Ji-Ping;ZHENG Xin-Wen;WANG Jian-Guo(Department of Plant Protection,College of Agricultural Science,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Guangchang White Lotus Research Institute,Fuzhou 344900,Jiangxi Province,China;Guangchang Industrial Development Bureau of White Lotus,Fuzhou 344900,Jiangxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院植保系,南昌330045 [2]广昌县白莲科学研究所,江西抚州344900 [3]广昌县白莲产业发展局,江西抚州344900

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2022年第1期177-183,共7页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：广昌白莲病虫害鉴定及防治技术研究与示范(2019DB51);国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目广昌综合试验站(CARS-24-G-09);广昌白莲研究所院士工作站项目(GC20171208KC)。

摘　　要：白莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.是江西广昌地区支柱性农业产业,莲缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae(Linnaeus)是危害江西广昌白莲的重要害虫。课题组在广昌县开展广昌白莲害虫种类调查时,连续两年在莲田中监测到一种外形类似介壳虫生物在捕食莲缢管蚜,经形态鉴定及分子复核确认其为黑襟毛瓢虫Scymnus(Neopullus)hoffmanni Weise,1879。为明确黑襟毛瓢虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食潜力,采用捕食功能反应方法,在室内恒温条件下,研究黑襟毛瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找效应、种内干扰效应。试验结果表明:黑襟毛瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食功能皆符合Holling-Ⅱ反应模型,成虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食能力要强于幼虫,幼虫的捕食能力随虫龄的增大而增强;黑襟毛瓢虫1~4龄幼虫及成虫对2~3龄莲缢管蚜的寻找效应随着猎物密度的增加而降低;1~4龄幼虫及成虫的日最大捕食量分别是5.5、6.8、14.7、15.1和22.9头。在种内干扰条件下,猎物密度和捕食空间一定,瓢虫成虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食作用受自身密度制约,单头日平均捕食量随其自身密度的增加而降低,干扰反应数学模型为E=0.2202 P^(-0.722)。实验结果表明黑襟毛瓢虫对莲缢管蚜具有较好的控制潜力。Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.is the pillar agriculture of Guangchang area.Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae(Linnaeus)is an important pest of N.nucifera Gaertn.in Guangchang County.When we conducted a survey on the pest species of N.nucifera Gaertn.in Guangchang County.For two years in a row,a scale insect-like organism was detected in the lotus field preying on the R.nymphaeae(Linnaeus).It was identified to Scymnus(Neopullus)hoffmanni Weise,1879 by morphological and molecular methods.To study predation of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni Weise adults to R.nymphaeae(Linnaeus),the functional responses of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni at different developmental stages to the R.nymphaeae,the searching effects and intraspecific interferences on predation capability were explored in the laboratory at a constant temperature using the predatory functional methods.The experiment result showed the imago of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni at different developmental stages fitted in with HollingⅡmodel to R.nymphaeae.with the equation of Na.The predation capability of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni adults on R.nymphaeae was stronger than that of larvae.The predation ability of 1 st to 3 rd instar larva increased with increasing instar age.The searching effects of 1 st to 4 th instar larvae and adults of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni on the 2 nd to 3 rd instar larva of R.nymphaeae decreased with the increase of the prey density.The daily maximum predation amount of the 1 st to 4 th instar larvae and adults on R.nymphaeae were 5.5,6.8,14.7,15.1 and 22.9,respectively.Under intraspecific interference,in certain space with the same proportion of prey,predation rate of S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni adults to R.nymphaeae was influenced by intraspecific interference.The average daily predation amount per ladybird beetle decreased with the increase of its density.The natural interference equation was E=0.2202 P^(-0.722).The research showed that S.(Neopullus)hoffmanni had good control potential to R.nymphaeae.

关 键 词：黑襟毛瓢虫 莲缢管蚜 捕食功能 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]