低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员甲状腺的影响  

Effect of low dose ionizing radiation on thyroid function in radiation workers

作　　者：杨勇[1] 王强[1] 俞爱青[1] 赵徵鑫 朱波 邵玉仙[1] YANG Yong;WANG Qiang;YU Ai-qing;ZHAO Hui-xin;ZHU Bo;SHAO Yu-xian(Occupational Health and Radiological Health Department,Hangzhou Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市职业病防治院职业卫生与放射卫生科,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2022年第3期354-358,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：杭州市科技计划引导项目(20191231Y055);杭州市医药卫生科技项目(A20200566);杭州市医药卫生科技项目(A20200795);浙江省卫生健康科技计划(2021KY956)

摘　　要：目的开展低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员甲状腺的影响及影响因素分析,为放射工作人员放射防护管理提供依据。方法依据全国放射卫生监测项目,收集1家放射工作人员体检机构2018年—2020年放射工作人员个案体检资料,包括基本信息、甲状腺激素水平、甲状腺彩超结果,分析不同亚组放射工作人员甲状腺情况,采用多因素Logistic回归开展甲状腺结节检出率影响因素分析。结果收集放射工作人员体检资料6702份,有3447名放射工作人员甲状腺结构异常(51.4%),甲状腺结构异常主要为甲状腺结节(41.6%)。女性放射工作人员甲状腺结构异常率高于男性放射工作人员(P<0.05)。随着放射工作人员年龄和工龄的增加,放射工作人员甲状腺结构异常率升高(P<0.05)。2020年从事核医学工作的放射工作人员甲状腺结构异常率最高(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,性别(男)是甲状腺结节的保护因素(P<0.05),年龄、工龄均为甲状腺结节的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论低剂量电离辐射引起放射工作人员甲状腺结构损伤,尤其是女性、高年龄、高工龄放射工作人员,在今后放射防护管理中应重点关注,保障放射工作人员健康。Objective To investigated the effect of low dose ionizing radiation on thyroid function in radiation workers and analysis of influence factors,so as to provide basis for radiation protection management on radiation workers.Methods According to the national radiation health monitoring project,the physical examination data of radiation workers in one physical examination institution from 2018 to 2020 were collected,including basic information,thyroid hormone level,thyroid color ultrasound results,and thyroid status of radiation workers in different subgroups were analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid nodule detection rate.Results A total of 6702 physical examination data of radiation workers were collected.There were 3447 radiation workers with abnormal thyroid structure(51.4%),and the main abnormal thyroid structure was thyroid nodule(41.6%).The rate of abnormal thyroid structure in female radiation workers was higher than that in male radiation workers(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of thyroid structure increased with the increase of age and working age of radiation workers(P<0.05).In 2020,radiation workers engaged in nuclear medicine had the highest rate of abnormal thyroid structure(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(male)was a protective factor for thyroid nodule(P<0.05),while age and length of service were risk factors for thyroid nodule(P<0.05).Conclusion Low-dose ionizing radiation causes thyroid structural damage in radiation workers,especially in female,senior age and senior working age radiation workers.In the future,radiation protection management should pay more attention to ensure the health of radiation workers.

关 键 词：低剂量电离辐射 甲状腺功能 甲状腺结节 

分 类 号：R81[医药卫生—放射医学]