生物质结渣固体碱催化剂制备生物柴油  

PREPARATION OF BIODIESEL USING BIOMASS SLAGGING AS SOLID BASE CATALYST

作　　者：苗长林[1] 吕鹏梅[1] 李志兵[1] 庄新姝[1] 杨玲梅[1] 李惠文[1] Miao Changlin;Lyu Pengmei;Li Zhibing;Zhuang Xinshu;Yang Lingmei;Li Huiwen(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2022年第2期33-39,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：广东省科技计划(201804010125);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601003);国家自然科学基金(21576260)。

摘　　要：采用经气化炉烧结的生物质结渣为固体碱催化剂,催化油脂转化合成生物柴油。对固体碱催化剂进行表征,并考察物质的量之比、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量对反应的影响。结果表明:生物质结渣固体碱催化剂主要成分(按质量分数计)为SiO2(40%~60%)、CaO(10%~20%)、K2O(10%~15%)、MgO(≤10%)、Al2O3(≤8%)、FeO(≤4%)等,碱性位浓度为0.3974 mmol/g,催化剂比表面积为1.266 m^(2)/g,孔径主要集中于5~10 nm。固体碱催化剂在生物柴油制备过程中表现优异,在反应温度200℃,甲醇/菜籽油物质的量之比14∶1,催化剂量20%(质量分数,相对于菜籽油质量),反应8 h条件下,生物柴油转化率达95%以上,该催化剂连续使用33次后,生物柴油转化率保持在85%以上,具有良好可重复利用性。In this study,biomass slagging sintered by gasifier was used as solid base catalyst to catalyze the conversion of oil to biodiesel. The solid base catalyst was characterized,and the effects of molar ratio,reaction temperature,reaction time and catalyst amount on the reaction were investigated. The results show that the main components(calculated as oxides)of biomass slag-forming solid alkali catalyst are:silica(40%-60%,wt),calcium oxide(10%-20%,wt),potassium oxide(10%-15%,wt),magnesium oxide(≤10%,wt),alumina(≤ 8%,wt),ferrous oxide(≤4%,wt),etc. The alkaline concentration is 0.3974 mmol/g,the specific surface area of the catalyst is 1.266 m^(2)/g,and the pore diameter is mainly concentrated in 5-10 nm. Biomass slagging solid alkali catalyst has excellent performance in biodiesel preparation. At the reaction temperature of 200 ℃,the molar ratio of methanol/rapeseed oil is 14∶1,and the catalytic dose is 20%,wt(relative to the mass of rapeseed oil),reaction time is 8 h,the conversion of biodiesel is more than95%. After 33 times of continuous use of the catalyst,the biodiesel conversion rate remains above 85% without appreciable loss of catalytic activity,which indicates the catalyst has good reusability. The above study reveals that the biomass slagging sintered catalyst demonstrates promise for producing biodiesel.

关 键 词：生物柴油 固体碱 催化剂 生物质结渣 转酯化 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]