封闭阳台温差修正系数取值及其对供暖设计的影响  

VALUE OF TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE CORRECTION FACTOR OF CLOSED BALCONY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HEATING DESIGN

作　　者：马梦茹 张华玲 Ma Mengru;Zhang Hualing(College of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2022年第2期303-310,共8页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1100704)。

摘　　要：封闭式阳台作为居住建筑延伸空间,是被动式附加阳光间的一种形式。该文通过分析封闭阳台型式、围护结构热工性能、太阳辐射强度、外遮阳等因素对阳台温差修正系数α的影响,推荐给出严寒、寒冷、夏热冬冷地区代表城市居住建筑不同型式封闭阳台适用于工程应用的温差修正系数简便计算公式,为准确评估封闭阳台这类附加阳光间对供暖房间增益效果提供依据。分别采用该文推荐公式计算α值、现行规范建议值0.7,计算代表城市居住建筑封闭阳台的温度、分隔封闭阳台与供暖房间的围护结构耗热量(该文中简称"内围护结构")以及建筑供暖设计负荷,并发现满足现行节能规范的居住建筑封闭阳台温度均高于α取0.7对应的设计计算温度,阳台温度不都能达到现行热工规范要求的12℃,指出不同现行规范对应条款衔接还存在不足;同时,内围护结构耗热量差异率高达42%~81%,建筑供暖设计负荷差异率也达到12%~22%,按规范建议的0.7计算会增大供暖房间末端设备与建筑供暖系统热源容量,会导致房间过热,热源设备低负荷运行时间延长,投资与能耗增加。Acting as the extension space of residential buildings,closed balcony is a kind of passive attached sunspace. In this paper,by analyzing the factors influencing on closed balcony temperature,such as the closed balcony type,the thermal performance of the enclosure structure,the solar radiation intensity and the external shading,the simple calculation formulas of the temperature difference correction factor of closed balconies of residential buildings in the severe cold zone,cold zone,hot summer and cold winter zone was recommended. The formulas are suit for the engineering application and provide the basis for evaluating the room heating gain effect by the attached sunspace of the closed balcony. The temperature difference correction factors based on the formulas to calculate α value and a fixed α value 0.7 recommended by the current code were used to calculate the closed balcony temperature,the heat consumption of the interior enclosure structure,and the design load of a residential building heating in the typical cities. It is found that all of closed balcony temperature meeting the current energy saving code are higher than the balcony temperature calculated by using the temperature difference correction factor of 0.7,and not all balcony temperatures can reach to 12 ℃ required by the current code of thermal design of civil buildings. It is shown that there are still some deficiencies in the connection of corresponding clauses in different current codes. The difference rate of heat consumption of interior enclosure structure is up to 42%-81%,and the difference rate of the building heating design load is also up to 12%-22%. The heating load calculated by 0.7 recommended by the current code will result in increasing of the capacity of the end equipment in the heating room and the heat source capacity in the building heating system. This will lead to the overheating of the room,the longer time in low load operation of the heat source equipment,the higher investment and energy consumption.

关 键 词：居住建筑 供暖负荷 太阳辐射 温差修正系数 封闭阳台 

分 类 号：TK511.2[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]