试析多边贸易体制下的诸边协定  

Analysis on Plurilateral Agreements under the Multilateral Trade System

作　　者：张乃根[1] ZHANG Naigen

机构地区：[1]复旦大学

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2022年第1期80-100,共21页Wuhan University International Law Review

摘　　要：条约仅对接受的缔约方有效。在WTO多边贸易体制下,相对于所有成员接受的多边协定而言,仅对部分成员有效的诸边协定,包括明确规定的"法律上"的诸边协定、协商一致通过和部分成员接受的"事实上"的诸边协定、部分成员的区域贸易安排诸边协定、对部分成员有效但所有成员受益的"专门一类"诸边协定。多边贸易体制有着诸边协定的历史传统。现实表明,各类诸边协定是当下维持多边贸易体制和推进其部分改革的优先选项。近期,多边贸易体制下的渔业补贴、电子商务、服务贸易的国内管制等议题谈判及结果都采用了诸边协定方式。未来的多边贸易体制改革在难以达成一揽子多边协定的情况下也可采取诸边协定方式。中国应更加主动积极参与多边贸易体制的诸边协定。The treaties are bounding on the accepted parties only.The plurilateral agreements under the WTO multilateral trade system are only bounding on some of the WTO Members in comparison with the multilateral agreements for all Members.These plurilateral agreements include the de jure ones based on the relevant expressed provisions,the de facto ones by all of Members’consensus and excepted by some Members,RTA(regional trade agreement)ones by some Members and the sui generis ones bounding on some Members with the benefits for all of Members.The multilateral trade system has the tradition of plurilateral agreements.The reality shows that the plurilateral agreements would be priority for the WTO Members to keep the multilateral trade system working and to promote its partial reforms.The recent negotiations with some results have taken the model of plurilateral agreements on the fisheries subsidies,the e-commerce and the service domestic regulation.The future reform of the multilateral agreement may take the plurilateral agreement in the case of being unable to reach the single package of multilateral agreements.China should be more actively involved in the plurilateral agreements under the multilateral trade system.

关 键 词：WTO 多边贸易体制 诸边协定 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]