凝固浴中氯化钠的添加对多级孔聚氨酯膜结构和性能的影响  

Effects of sodium chloride in coagulation bath on the structure and property of hierarchically porous PU membranes

作　　者：梁琦 王黎明[1,2] 杨群 LIANG Qi;WANG Li-ming;YANG Qun(School of Textile and Fashion,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Chemistry,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学纺织服装学院,上海201620 [2]上海纺织化学清洁生产工程技术研究中心,上海201620

出　　处：《应用化工》2022年第1期114-118,123,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金青年基金项目(LQ18E030006);浙江省纱线材料成形与复合加工技术研究重点实验室项目(MTC-2020-23);上海工程技术大学研究生科研创新项目(19KY0911)。

摘　　要：以不同浓度的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和水为凝固浴,采用湿法成膜的方法制备了多级孔聚氨酯膜,并研究了凝固浴中氯化钠(NaCl)的加入及其不同用量对多级聚氨酯膜结构和性能的影响,分析该影响机制。采用扫描电镜、红外、孔隙率、TG等测试对聚氨酯多级孔结构的形态、分布、孔径大小、透湿量、强力等进行表征。结果表明,NaCl的含量对大孔的影响比较大,随着凝固浴中NaCl的含量加大,大孔孔径逐渐减小,且位置从皮膜向底膜方向过渡;而DMF用量的增加,会减缓铸膜液中的DMF向凝固浴中扩散的速度,影响DMF与凝固浴中H_(2)O的双向扩散速度,从而影响膜中小孔的分布状态。Hierarchically porous PU membranes were prepared by wet film formation in different proportions of dimethyl formamide(DMF) to water as coagulation bath.In order to obtain the excellent hierarchically porous structure, sodium chloride was added to coagulation bath.Effects of sodium chloride on hierarchically porous structure and property of the PU membranes were investigated SEM,FTIR,BET,tensile strength and moisture transmission.Results show that the content of NaCl in coagulation bath had a great effect on the macropores of PU membranes.With the content of NaCl increase, pore size of the macropores gradually decreased and transitioned from the skin membrane to the bottom membrane.However, the diffusion of DMF from casting solution slowed down with DMF content increased in coagulation bath, which affected the two-way diffusion rate of DMF and H_(2)O in the coagulation bath, and thus affected the small pores in the membranes.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 凝固浴 氯化钠 多级孔 透湿性 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]